Friederike Juliane von Reventlow

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Angelika Kauffmann (1741–1807): Friederike Juliane von Reventlow (1784)

Friederike Juliane Countess von Reventlow (first name: Julia von Reventlow , nee Schimmelmann ; * February 16, 1762 , † December 27, 1816 at Gut Emkendorf ), daughter of the Danish commercial manager Heinrich Carl von Schimmelmann , sister of Ernst Heinrich Graf von Schimmelmann and Caroline von Baudissin and wife of Friedrich Karl Graf von Reventlow , was the center of the Emkendorfer circle .

This circle can on the one hand be seen as a kind of literary salon , on the other hand, due to the countess's wealth and high position, as a court of muses .

Life

Friederike Juliane (Julia) Schimmelmann was the youngest daughter of the Danish treasurer Heinrich Schimmelmann. After his rise to one of the most important people in the entire Danish state , he succeeded in marrying off his daughters to members of the Schleswig-Holstein nobility. In 1779, at the age of 17, Julia married Count Friedrich Karl von Reventlow . Her legacy enabled her to devote herself to cultivating culture on his Emkendorf estate . Together they traveled twice, in 1783 and 1795–1797, to Italy, from where they brought artists and art objects with them to furnish the manor house.

After the reorganization of the estate, Julia received Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock , Heinrich Christian Boie , Matthias Claudius , Lavater , Johann Heinrich Voss and Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, among others . In addition, she maintained an extensive correspondence with, among others, Johann Caspar Lavater , under whose influence her strictly orthodox piety acquired a mystical tinge. In the circle of friends she was revered as the "suffering Julia angel". She also supported her husband in the fight against theological rationalism and was one of the sponsors of the German Christianity Society .

Julia was ailing all her life and had no children of her own. In 1814 she and her husband adopted Joseph (1797–1850) and Heinrich (1798–1868), the two sons of their niece Caroline Friederike Schimmelmann (1778–1858) from their marriage to Francois Valentine, Marquis le Merchier de Criminil (1753–1813) , one of the numerous noble refugees of the French Revolution who stayed at Emkendorf for years. As Counts of Reventlow-Criminil , they became her heirs.

In addition to her large household, she took care of the upbringing of the children on the estate. Like her sister, she wrote a little book based on the novel Lienhard and Gertrud by Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi for the serf peasants of the estate , which taught in the style of dialogue common in the Enlightenment period both on practical questions of everyday life and on religion. She also campaigned for an improvement in the living conditions of the slaves on the Danish-West Indian plantations, from which the wealth of the family originated, and had Moravian missionaries sent there.

ancestry

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Diedrich Jacob Schimmelmann (1683–1743)
businessman and councilor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Heinrich Carl von Schimmelmann (1724–1782)
businessman and count
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Esther Elisabeth Ludendorff (1684–1752)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Friederike Juliane von Reventlow (1762–1816)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Caroline Tugendreich Friedeborn (1730–1795)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


literature

  • Contained in the article by Carstens:  Reventlow, Friedrich Karl . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 28, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, pp. 336-338.
  • Folke-Christine Möller-Sahling: Julia Countess von Reventlow: An attempt at a socio-historical reconstruction. With an afterword by Arno Bammé . Klagenfurt: Institute for Interdisciplinary Research and Advanced Training at the Universities of Innsbruck, Klagenfurt, Vienna 1999 (publications from the research project "Literature and Sociology"; H. 21)
  • Horst Weigelt: Lavater and Julia Reventlow. A contribution to Lavater's relationship with Emkendorf. In: Enlightenment and Pietism in the Danish State 1770-1820. Edited by Hartmut Lehmann and Dieter Lohmeier. Neumünster 1983 (Kieler Studien zur deutschen Literaturgeschichte, Vol. 16), pp. 249–266.
  • Yearbook of the Alster Association V , 25 [i. e. 55.] 1978, p. 48ff., Willi Wilken: Countess Julia von Reventlow, born. Schimmelmann, ( online , Hamburg State and University Library)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dieter Lohmeier: Julia, Countess of Reventlow . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Volume 7. Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 1985, p. 235.
personal data
SURNAME Reventlow, Friederike Juliane von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Reventlow, Friederike Juliane Countess von; Schimmelmann, Friederike Juliane von (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Countess of Reventlow
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1762
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1816
Place of death Gut Emkendorf