Juminda
| Juminda | ||
 Location of the Juminda peninsula |
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| Geographical location | ||
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| Coordinates | 59 ° 39 ′ N , 25 ° 31 ′ E | |
| Waters 1 | Kolga Bay ( Gulf of Finland ) | |
| Waters 2 | Hara Bay | |
| length | 13 km | |
| width | 6 km | |
The Juminda peninsula ( Estonian Juminda poolsaar ) is located in northern Estonia on the Baltic Sea . It is the largest peninsula in northern Estonia and separates the Bay of Kolga ( Kolga laht ) in the west from the Bay of Hara ( Hara laht ) in the east. At its top, Cape Juminda , there is a lighthouse built in 1937 , the Juminda tuletorn , 32 m high, a radar and radio mast of the Estonian coast guard and two memorials to commemorate war victims.
geography
The peninsula protruding north into the Gulf of Finland , which in its entirety belongs to the Lahemaa National Park , is 13 km long. Its greatest width is 6 km. The center is 33 m above sea level and is very rocky. On the peninsula is the third largest boulder in Estonia, the 7 m high Majakivi (circumference: 32 m).
The peninsula is administratively part of the Kuusalu Municipality in Harju County . The villages Kolga-Aabla (123 inhabitants), Kiiu-Aabla (42 inhabitants), Leesi (44 inhabitants), Tammistu (5 inhabitants), Tapurla (30 inhabitants), Virve (20 inhabitants), Hara (90 inhabitants) are located on it ) and Juminda (35 residents). The village of Juminda was first mentioned as Jumintake in 1290 . In the Middle Ages, mainly Estonian-Swedish fishermen lived in the settlement .
During the Soviet occupation of Estonia, a Red Army submarine port was built near the village of Hara on the east bank of the peninsula, and a coastal battery was set up at Cape Juminda .
Second World War
In late August 1941, during the Soviet evacuation of Tallinn , Juminda was the scene of one of the greatest human disasters of World War II on the Baltic Sea. In the vicinity of Cape Juminda, German and Finnish units sank at least 52 Soviet ships on August 28 and 29, particularly through mines . Up to 25,000 people were killed. Two memorials, inaugurated on the Cape in 1971 and 2001, commemorate the events.
Web links
- Full description (Estonian)
- Description of Jari Aromaa ( Memento from September 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- Juminda lighthouse
- Map of the German mine barriers off Juminda in World War II
