Junonia coenia
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Junonia coenia |
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| ( Huebner , 1822) |
Junonia coenia ( Syn. Precis coenia ), sometimes also referred to as the North American peacock butterfly , is a butterfly ( butterfly ) from the noble butterfly family(Nymphalidae).
description
butterfly
The wingspan of the moths is 45 to 70 millimeters, with the females becoming larger than the males. The basic color is ocher or light brown. On the forewings there is a very small, bluish nucleated eye spot near the apex and a large, dark eye spot near the tornus . This is framed by a light brown ring and shows a small light blue spot in the center. The area around this eye spot is whitish to light yellow-brown and extends to the front edge. In the middle cell ( discoid cell ), two elongated, reddish, black-bordered spots stand out. On the hind wings two more eye spots can be seen close to the outer edge, the rear one being slightly smaller. These are bordered on the outside by an orange colored band. There are brown, slightly wavy lines on the hem. On the brown underside of the wing, with few drawings, the large eye-spot on the forewings shimmers clearly dark.
Egg, caterpillar, pupa
The dark green egg has light stripes and is deposited individually or in small groups on the food plant. The caterpillars are blackish and have whitish and orange stripes on each segment. They have numerous fine whitish spots and black thorns all over their body. The light, cream-colored tumbler shows some red-brown drawing elements.
Similar species
Distribution and occurrence
The range of the species includes the southern states of the USA , with an isolated occurrence in California , as well as Mexico , Cuba , the Bahamas and the Bermuda Islands. Several mass migrations are known from Junonia coenia . The endemic subspecies Junonia coenia bergi in Bermuda is descended from migrated butterflies. From June to October, the moths also migrate to the central and northern US states and to southern Canada . They prefer to settle in open terrain.
Way of life
The moths fly in several generations in Florida , Texas and California year round. In flight they often slide between the beats of their wings. They visit flowers to suck up nectar and moist soil to take in minerals. Sitting on the ground, they sunbathe with open wings, clearly showing their eye spots. They only close their wings when it is very hot. In the wild, the moths live about 10 days, under laboratory conditions up to a month. The caterpillars live on a variety of different plants, including the plantain family (Plantaginaceae), figwort family (Scrophulariaceae), verbena family (Verbenaceae) and acanthus family (Acanthaceae). These plants often contain poisonous iridoids , which can be detected in both the caterpillar and the pupa, but not in the edible moth.
Densovirus
Junonia coenia gave the virus Junonia coenia Densovirus JcDNV from the genus Densovirus its name. In addition to Junonia coenia , it also affects many other insects and is thus responsible for gene exchange across species boundaries.
Individual evidence
- ↑ nature-pictures.org
- ↑ Common Buckeye
- ↑ a b c d James A. Scott: The butterflies of North America. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California 1986, pp. 276f, ISBN 0-8047-1205-0
- ↑ www.conservation.bm ( Memento of the original from March 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ David L. Evans, Justin O. Schmidt : Insect Defenses: Adaptive Mechanisms and Strategies of Prey and Predators , SUNY Press, 1990, p. 370, ISBN 9781438402208 Google Books
- ^ Alfred M. Handler, Anthony A. James: Insect Transgenesis: Methods and Applications , CRC Press, 2002, p. 140, ISBN 9781420039399 , Google Books
- ↑ Steffen Faisst, Jean Rommelaere: Parvoviruses: From Molecular Biology to Pathology and Therapeutic Uses , Karger Publishers, 2000, p. 34, ISBN 9783805569460 , Google Books
literature
- James A. Scott: The butterflies of North America. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California 1986, ISBN 0-8047-1205-0
Web links
- eol.org Encyclopedia of Life