Palace of Justice (Bayreuth)
The Bayreuth Palace of Justice is the seat of the Bayreuth Regional Court , the public prosecutor's office and parts of the Bayreuth Local Court are also located there.
location
The building stands as a corner structure on the former Leonrodstrasse and Wilhelminenstrasse, between the historic city center and the barracks district on the southern slope of the Sendelbach valley . Since the city center ring was built in 1973, the address has been Wittelsbacherring 22.
History and description
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The suggestion for the new court building came from the city of Bayreuth in 1898. At that time, the royal district court with the jury court and the public prosecutor's office was housed in the south wing of the old castle (corner of Maximilianstrasse and Schloßberglein). The district court was located at the Mühltürlein opposite the hospital church . Both courts suffered from a lack of space, but the Ministry of Justice believed that it could counter this by building an extension and correcting defects. It was only during a second inspection that the Minister of Justice was convinced of the need to build a “central justice building”, whereby the city undertook to provide the property free of charge. There was a choice of building sites behind the train station on Stuckberg, on Herrenwiese (east of Luitpoldplatz) and on Wolfsgasse (later Leonrodstraße, today's Wittelsbacherring). The choice fell on Wolfsgasse, where the city acquired 0.6 hectares from the so-called Martinspeunt for 47,020 marks. After the construction plans of the architect Adolf Fröhlich had been approved by the Royal Supreme Building Authority in Munich and a binding cost estimate of 690,000 marks had been set, the Ministry of Justice commissioned the government of Upper Franconia to carry out the construction.
The Palace of Justice was inaugurated on December 15, 1904. It was built from 1901 in the historicizing Art Nouveau style with baroque elements , the outer facade was included in the list of protected cultural assets of the Hague Convention on December 12, 1984 . In the coat of arms above the main portal there is - difficult to read - the saying "Suum cuique" . The jury court room on the second floor is decorated with textile bracing and wood paneling, the ceiling is provided with a glass mosaic field and stucco . The banister of the main staircase is made of marble .
The usable area of the building is 5558 square meters. Approx. 9,500 sandstone blocks were built into the facade , originally there were 462 windows. The building costs borne by the Bavarian state amounted to 786,332 marks .
In its checkered history, the Palace of Justice housed several courts . Until 1924, the activities of the Upper Franconian jury court , which met quarterly in room 115, were in the public eye. In the autumn of 1944, the People's Court met several times in room 100 of the Palace of Justice in the then "Gau capital" Bayreuth of the Gaus Bayerische Ostmark . On February 5, 1945, Hitler ordered the senates responsible for high treason and treason to be relocated from Berlin to Bayreuth. 221 political prisoners therefore arrived at the local penitentiary on February 17th, but the tumultuous events of the war prevented the realization of this project. On April 8, the Palace of Justice was hit by several incendiary bombs , but they were extinguished in good time.
The US troops took the city on April 14, 1945 , and the Palace of Justice served as their headquarters until June 11, 1947 . On July 1, 1946, the judiciary was initially allowed to move into part of the building on the second floor. From June 1947 to February 1949 were under the denazification the tribunals housed I to III. On July 13, 1948, the last death sentence was pronounced in Bayreuth for robbery and murder , but no longer carried out.
In 1950 "normal business relationships" returned to the Palace of Justice. Due to a lack of space, business areas have recently been outsourced to three other buildings in the vicinity.
In 2015, more than 130 people worked at the various courts in the building, 23 of whom were judges. In 2014, almost 1200 items were confiscated at the entrance control, including 708 knives and a firearm.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Kurt Herterich: Through southwest Bayreuth . 1st edition. Ellwanger, Bayreuth 2001, ISBN 3-925361-39-1 , p. 19th ff .
- ↑ a b Der Justizpalast in: Nordbayerischer Kurier from September 16, 2015, p. 16
- ↑ Helmut Paulus: The gruesome plans of the Nazi justice . In: Heimatkurier - the historical magazine of the North Bavarian Courier , issue 2/2005, pp. 8 and 9
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 56 '24.2 " N , 11 ° 34' 18.9" E