Juventino Rosas

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Juventino Rosas (1894)

(José) Juventino (Policarpo) Rosas Cadenas (born January 25, 1868 in Santa Cruz, Guanajuato State , Mexico ; † July 9, 1894 in Surgidero de Batabanó , Cuba ) was a Mexican musician and composer.

Life

On January 25, 1868 he was baptized in the church of Santa Cruz (later Santa Cruz de Galeana , today: Santa Cruz de Juventino Rosas ) in the name of José Juventino Policarpo. As a child he moved with his family to Mexico City , where he worked from an early age as a street musician and later as a dance musician. In 1884, 1885 and 1888 he undertook studies at the Conservatorio Nacional de Música, which - possibly due to lack of money - were broken off every time. From 1888 many of his compositions were published, including his most famous, the waltz Sobre las olas ( Over the waves). Piano editions have been published by the publishers Wagner y Levien and Nagel Sucesores in Mexico City and Hofmeister in Leipzig. Despite artistic success, Rosas could not escape poverty throughout her life. When he joined the military band of the 4th Cavalry Regiment in the capital, his wandering years began in 1890/91. In 1891 he played in the battalion band in Morelia, Michoacán, in late 1892 in the state of Nuevo León. At the beginning of 1893 he went on a concert tour to the USA with an Orquesta típica , performed with the ensemble as a violin soloist (and now and then also as a cornet player) at the world exhibition in Chicago, where he was also recognized as a composer. From January 1894, Rosas toured Cuba with an Italian-Mexican music troupe, but ultimately remained seriously ill in Surgidero de Batabanó, where he died at the age of 26 as a result of spinal cord myelitis .

Rosas wrote at least 92 works, 33 of which have been published and are therefore preserved. The autographs are lost with one exception ( El espirituano ). The works received were recorded on two CDs by the Mexican pianist Nadia Stankovitch on the Prodisc label in Mexico City in the Clasicos Mexicanos series under the title Juventino Rosas: Obras para piano (Prodisc SDX21017 and SDX 27102).

Juventino Rosas was not only one of the most famous composers of salon music in Mexico, but also the one with the most editions outside of Mexico and with the most recordings on phonograms (as early as 1898). His piano compositions are in the tradition of French salon music, Sobre las olas / Over the Waves has also become a standard number in jazz, as evidenced by numerous recordings by well-known jazz musicians, including George Lewis, Pete Fountain, Bob Crosby, Ray Noble and Dave Brubeck .

In 1909, Rosas' remains were transferred to Mexico City and buried there in 1939 in the Rotonda de los Hombres Ilustres . In 1932 and 1950, films about Rosas' life were made, both with the title Sobre las olas . The second of these - directed by Ismael Rodríguez and starring Pedro Infante - has a strong influence on the image of Juventino Rosas in Spanish-speaking countries to this day, although the plot is largely fictitious.

Preserved works

I. Waltz

Over The Waves / Sobre las olas 1888
Salut y Pesetas 1890
Flores de Romana 1893
  • Dos pensamientos (before 1888, without publisher information)
  • Sobre las olas (Over the Waves) (1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City)
  • Carmen (1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Amelia (1890, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Aurora (1890, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Ensueño seductor (1890; A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Ilusiones juveniles (1890, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Eva (1888–1891, publisher unclear, probably A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City)
  • Josefina (1892, A. Wagner y Levien Sucs., Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Flores de margarita (1893, Eduardo Gariel, Saltillo / Robert Forberg, Leipzig)
  • Soledad (1893, Eduardo Gariel, Saltillo / Robert Forberg, Leipzig)

II. Polkas

  • La cantinera (1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Carmela (1890, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Ojos negros (1891, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Flores de México (1893, Eduardo Gariel, Saltillo / Robert Forberg, Leipzig)

III. Mazurkas

  • Acuérdate (before 1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City)
  • Lejos de ti (before 1888, H. Nagl. Sucs.)
  • Juanita (1890, A. Wagner y Levien Sucs., Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Último adiós (1899, A. Wagner y Levien Sucs., Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)

IV. Scottish

  • El sueño de las flores (before 1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Floricultura-Scottish (before 1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Lazos de amor (1888, A. Wagner y Levien Sucs., Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Julia (1890, A. Wagner y Levien Sucs., Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Salud y pesetas (1890, A. Wagner y Levien Sucs., Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Juventa (1892, A. Wagner y Levien Sucs., Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • El espirituano (1894, manuscript Archivo Provincial de Sancti Spíritus, Cuba)

V. Danzas

  • A Lupe (1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • En el casino (1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Juanita (1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • No me acuerdo (1888, A. Wagner and Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • ¡Qué bueno! (1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • ¿Y para qué? (1888, A. Wagner y Levien, Mexico City / Friedrich Hofmeister, Leipzig)
  • Flores de Romana (1893, Eduardo Gariel, Saltillo)

literature

  • Jesús Rodríguez Frausto: Juventino Rosas. Notas nuevas sobre su vida . Guanajuato 1969
  • Hugo Barreiro Lastra: Los días cubanos de Juventino Rosas . Guanajuato 1994
  • Helmut Brenner : Juventino Rosas, His Life, His Work, His Time . (= Detroit Monographs in Musicology / Studies in Music 32), Warren, Michigan 2000

Web links

Individual evidence

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personal data
SURNAME Rosas, Juventino
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rosas Cadenas, José Juventino Policarpo (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mexican musician and composer
DATE OF BIRTH January 25, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Santa Cruz, Guanajuato State , Mexico
DATE OF DEATH July 9, 1894
Place of death Surgidero de Batabanó , Cuba