Kingdom of Zululand

This article covers the Kingdom of Zululand in the 19th century. For today's South African district of Zululand see there.

The Kingdom of Zululand (in Zulu : Wene wa Zulu ) was a Zulu state in the north of today's KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa . It existed as a state unit from 1816 to 1897 when it was incorporated into the Natal colony . The Zulu kingship itself still exists today.

geography

Location of the southern Zululand

Map of southern Africa from 1885, the Kingdom of Zululand in the far east

The Kingdom of Zululand stretched from the Tugela Rivers in the south to the Pongola in the north. In the west it was bounded by the Orange Free State and in the east by the Indian Ocean .

history

Zululand emerged from the Mthethwa Confederation between 1816 and 1820 through the union of the Zulu clans under King Shaka . Around 1824 the Kingdom of Zululand comprised around 250,000 inhabitants and around 20,000 km². His army had grown to 20,000 warriors. After Shaka's murder in 1828, his half-brother Dingane became king. In the battle of the Blood River this was defeated by the Boer leader Andries Pretorius on December 16, 1838, the capital uMgungundlovu was destroyed four days later. Its independence ended in 1879 when the Zulu were defeated by the British in the Zulu War . In November 1884, the German traveler August Einwald, on behalf of the merchant Adolf Lüderitz, signed a treaty with King Dinizulu that was supposed to secure Germany's local territorial claim on the Santa Lucia Bay . In the course of a settlement with Great Britain, however, the claim was finally dropped in May 1885 when the British invoked a treaty concluded in 1843. In 1887 the still formally independent Zululand became a British protectorate and in 1897 part of the colony of Natal . In April 1906, under Bambatha kaManczinza, chief of the Zondi clan, the last uprising of parts of the Zulu against the British. The Zulu kingship itself still exists today, but it is no longer a state unit.

Ruler

• Shaka ka Senzangakhona , son of Senzangakhona and half-brother of Siguyana, king from 1816 to 1828
• Dingane ka Senzangakhona , son of Senzangakhona and half-brother of Shaka, king from 1828 to 1840
• Mpande ka Senzangakhona , son of Senzangakhona and half-brother of Shaka and Dingane, king from 1840 to 1872
• Cetshwayo ka Mpande , son of Mpande, king from 1872 to 1884
• Dinuzulu ka Cetshwayo , son of Cetshwayo ka Mpande, king from 1884 to 1913, temporarily exiled
• Solomon ka Dinuzulu (1891–1933), son of Dinuzulu ka Cetshwayo, king from 1913 to 1933
• Cyprian Bhekuzulu ka Solomon (August 4, 1924 to September 17, 1968), son of Solomon ka Dinuzulu, king from 1933 to 1968
• Goodwill Zwelethini kaBhekuzulu , son of Cyprian Bhekuzulu ka Solomon, king since 1968

Individual evidence

1. ^ W. Schüßler: Kolonialgeschichte , in: Annual reports for German history . Edited by Albert Brackmann u. Fritz Hartung. Leipzig: Koehler. Born in 1937–1939. Vol. XXI, pp. 700f .; made available by the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences.
2. ↑ Santa Lucīa , in: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . Volume 17, Leipzig 1909, p. 587.
3. ↑ List of Zulu leaders at sahistory.org.za , accessed on March 2, 2014