Kadzell

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The Kadzell (alternative spellings: Kadschel , Kadzel , Katzell , Kazal and Kazel ) is a plain in southeastern Niger .

geography

The Kadzell is located in the southeast of the Manga landscape in the Diffa region , between the cities of Maïné-Soroa in the southwest and N'Guigmi in the northeast. In the south the plain slopes down slightly to the river valley of the Komadougou Yobé . East of the Kadzell is the former bank of Lake Chad , north of the desert valley .

The inhospitable and sparsely populated plain extends over an area of ​​around 7500 km². The soils are characterized by sand and clay . Climatically, the Kadzell belongs to the Sahel zone . The rainy season lasts from June to September, with 90% of rainfall occurring in July and August. Clay deposits cause poor soil permeability when it rains.

Typical tree species in Kadzell are the toothbrush tree , the gray-leaved cord , Maerua crassifolia , Cadaba farinosa , Boscia senegalensis , Acacia raddiana , the desert date , the oscher , Commiphora africana , Commiphora quadricincta , the gum arabic acacia and the gum arabic . The raisin bush , Bauhinia rufescens and the two-colored raisin bush grow sporadically and especially in the west . Chloris prieurii predominates among the grasses . In addition, there are Cenchrus biflorus on sand, shama millet in pools, Panicum laetum in floodplains and Aristida adscensionis on flat clay plains. There are also a number of climbing, herb and creeping plants that are not found everywhere.

history

The plain belonged to the Bornu Empire until the 19th century and was administered by the Kadzelma (Katzelma) as governor of the ruler of Bornu and defended against attacks by the Tuareg . The German Africa explorer Gustav Nachtigal met the then reigning Kadzelma on his trip to Bornu in 1870 . Since the French colonial era , the title has been used by several traditional local chiefs (chefs traditionnels) in the region, for example by the canton chief in Gueskérou .

literature

  • Gaëlle Gaultier, Christelle Marlin, Christian Leduc, Annick Filly, Marc Massault: Hydrogéologie isotopique de la dépression piézométrique du Kadzell (Niger Oriental) . In: Eric Servat, Wajdi Najam, Christian Leduc, Ahmed Shakeel (Eds.): Hydrology of Mediterranean and Semiarid Regions . Papers selected for the international conference on: Hydrology of the Mediterranean and Semi-Arid Regions held in Montpellier, France, from 1 to 4 April 2003 (=  IAHS Series of Proceedings and Reports . No. 278 ). International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Wallingford 2003, ISBN 1-901502-12-0 , pp. 168–173 ( horizon.documentation.ird.fr [PDF]).
  • Rim Zairi: Étude géochimique et hydrodynamique du Bassin du Lac Tchad. La nappe phréatique dans les régions du Kadzell (Niger oriental) et du Bornou (Nord-Est du Nigéria) . Thèse de doctorat. Université des sciences et techniques de Montpellier 2, Montpellier 2008.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Marc Leblanc: Modélisation hydrogéologique de la nappe quaternaire du Manga (Niger Sud-Oriental) . DESS Hydrogéologie et environnement. Université d'Avignon et des pays du Vaucluse / ORSTOM, Avignon / Montpellier 1997, p. 9 and 25 ( horizon.documentation.ird.fr [PDF; accessed February 17, 2019]).
  2. ↑ a b Nikolaus Schareika: West of the calf leash. Nomadic animal husbandry and natural history knowledge among the Woɗaaɓe Southeast Nigerians . Lit, Münster / Hamburg / London 2003, ISBN 3-8258-5687-9 , pp. 141-142 .
  3. ↑ David Sebag, Alain Durand, Zibo Garba, J. Lang, Eric P. Verrecchia: Dynamique sédimentaire et diagenétique d'un lac interdunaire holocène en milieu subaride (N'Guigmi, Lac Tchad, Niger) . In: Africa Geoscience Review . Vol. 13, No. 4 , 2006, p. 411 ( researchgate.net [accessed April 2, 2019]).
  4. ↑ a b Gaëlle Gaultier, Christelle Marlin, Christian Leduc, Annick Filly, Marc Massault: Hydrogéologie isotopique de la dépression piézométrique du Kadzell (Niger Oriental) . In: Eric Servat, Wajdi Najam, Christian Leduc, Ahmed Shakeel (Eds.): Hydrology of Mediterranean and Semiarid Regions . Papers selected for the international conference on: Hydrology of the Mediterranean and Semi-Arid Regions held in Montpellier, France, from 1 to 4 April 2003 (=  IAHS Series of Proceedings and Reports . No. 278 ). International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Wallingford 2003, ISBN 1-901502-12-0 , pp. 168–169 ( horizon.documentation.ird.fr [PDF; accessed February 17, 2019]).
  5. ↑ Gustav Nachtigal: Sahărâ and Sûdân. Results of six years of travel in Africa . First part. Weidmannsche Buchhandlung / Wiegandt, Hempel & Parey, Berlin 1897, p. 566 and 720 .
  6. ^ Edmond Séré de Rivières: Le Niger . Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris 1952, p. 43 .

Coordinates: 13 ° 38 ′ 31 ″  N , 12 ° 35 ′ 20 ″  E