Manga (Niger)

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South of the Manga landscape near Diffa

The manga is a landscape in southeastern Niger .

geography

The approximately 130,000 km² landscape is located in the south of the Diffa region . It extends across the departments of Bosso , Diffa , Goudoumaria and Maïné-Soroa , among others . To the west of the manga is the Mounio landscape . In the south, the Manga is bounded by the Komadougou Yobé River , which forms the state border with Nigeria . In the east, the landscape extends to Lake Chad and the state border with Chad .

The manga is characterized by low vegetation and consists of a series of sandy plains such as the desert valley and the Kadzell between the cities of Maïné-Soroa and N'Guigmi . The south of the manga belongs to the Sahel zone and has a short rainy season, while the north is part of the hyperarid Sahara . There are two large aquifers in the landscape, one from the Quaternary and one from the Pliocene .

history

Map of Bornu with manga in 1810

The manga was a border region of the Bornu Empire until the middle of the 19th century . Sultan Ténimoun dan Sélimane von Zinder occupied the landscape in 1855 when Bornu's power was in decline. The Sultanate of Zinder fell to France in 1899 . In the French colonial era there was a Manga district (cercle du Manga) from 1925 , the main town of which was Gouré .

population

The Manga is home to the Manga ethnic group of the same name, who are likely descended from the Kanuri people , even if they do not consider themselves to be part of them. Their language, the Manga Kanuri , is a dialect or a variety of the Kanuri language . Members of the Tubu subgroup Daza and Arabs also live in the manga .

literature

  • Idrissa Diawara: Essai sur les Kanuri du Manga. Approche ethno-sociologique . Thèse d'Etat. Université Paris Descartes, Paris 1984.
  • Marc Leblanc: Modélisation hydrogéologique de la nappe quaternaire du Manga (Niger Sud-Oriental) . DESS Hydrogéologie et environnement. Université d'Avignon et des pays du Vaucluse / ORSTOM, Avignon / Montpellier 1997 (French, horizon.documentation.ird.fr [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  • Maïkorema Zakari: Contributions à l'histoire des populations du sud-est nigérien. Le cas du Mangari, XVIe – XIXe siècles (=  Etudes nigériennes . No. 53 ). Institut de Recherches en Sciences Humaines, Niamey 1985.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Marc Leblanc: Modélisation hydrogéologique de la nappe quaternaire du Manga (Niger Sud-Oriental) . DESS Hydrogéologie et environnement. Université d'Avignon et des pays du Vaucluse / ORSTOM, Avignon / Montpellier 1997, p. 7 and 9 (French, horizon.documentation.ird.fr [PDF; 6.3 MB ; accessed on February 16, 2019]).
  2. ↑ a b c d Abdourahmane Idrissa, Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Niger . 4th edition. Scarecrow, Plymouth 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6094-0 , pp. 314 .
  3. ↑ David Sebag, Alain Durand, Zibo Garba, J. Lang, Eric P. Verrecchia: Dynamique sédimentaire et diagenétique d'un lac interdunaire holocène en milieu subaride (N'Guigmi, Lac Tchad, Niger) . In: Africa Geoscience Review . Vol. 13, No. 4 , 2006, p. 411 ( researchgate.net [accessed April 2, 2019]).
  4. ↑ Edmond Séré de Rivières: Histoire du Niger . Berger-Levrault, Paris 1965, p. 234-235 .
  5. ↑ Edmond Séré de Rivières: Histoire du Niger . Berger-Levrault, Paris 1965, p. 251 .
  6. ↑ Kanuri, Manga. In: Ethnologue: Languages ​​of the World. 21st edition. SIL International, 2018, accessed on February 16, 2019 .

Coordinates: 13 ° 38 ′ 17 ″  N , 11 ° 54 ′ 11 ″  E