Diffa

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Municipality of Diffa
Diffa Municipality (Niger)
Municipality of Diffa
Municipality of Diffa
Coordinates 13 ° 19 ′  N , 12 ° 37 ′  E Coordinates: 13 ° 19 ′  N , 12 ° 37 ′  E
Basic data
Country Niger

region

Diffa
department Diffa
ISO 3166-2 NE-2
height 285 m
Residents 56,437 (2012)
politics
mayor Brah Malam Mamadou

Diffa is the capital of the Diffa region of the same name in Niger . It has around 56,000 inhabitants.

geography

Soldiers in Diffa (2017)

Diffa is located in the Manga landscape in the southeast of the country in the Sahel region . The city borders the municipality of Chétimari to the west, the municipality of Gueskérou to the north and east and the state of Borno in neighboring Nigeria to the south . The border with Nigeria is formed by the Komadougou Yobé River. In geological terms, the city is located in a Quaternary geological area. The Kadzell clay plain is located north of the city center . The urban area is divided into seven districts, 17 administrative villages, 18 traditional villages and a hamlet. The neighborhoods are Adjimeri, Affou Nouri, Diffa Koura, Festival, Nouveau Carré, Résidence and Tchariram.

history

Diffa was a small village until the 1960s. In Niger, which has been independent since 1960, a comprehensive administrative reform was passed on July 17, 1964. The role of a capital of the new department in the south-east of the country was disputed between Maïné-Soroa and N'Guigmi , the two most important cities in the region at the time. As a compromise, the choice fell on the village of Diffa.

The new regional capital began to grow continuously. In addition to the oldest districts Diffa-Koura and Affounori, other residential areas were built. In 1979 the first national championship in the Lutte traditionnelle , a martial art popular in Niger, took place in Diffa. In 1985 Diffa was the twelfth place in Niger to receive the status of an independent municipality ( commune ).

In a decentralization law passed in 1996 but only implemented after Tandja Mamadou's election as president of the country in 2000 , the previous Diffa department was transformed into a region with expanded powers. The capital was raised from a municipality ( commune ) to a city municipality ( commune urbaine ).

As of May 2013, around 150,000 people from neighboring Nigeria fled to Diffa because of the activities of the jihadist terrorist group Boko Haram . In December 2014, a cholera epidemic broke out in the city. Boko Haram first attacked Diffa on February 8, 2015. People fled the city to the west to Foulatari , Goudoumaria , Gouré , Maïné-Soroa, N'Guelbély and Soubdou, as well as to the more distant cities of Maradi and Niamey .

population

Schoolchildren in Diffa (2006)

At the 1977 census, Diffa had 4,253 inhabitants, at the 1988 census 13,387 inhabitants and at the 2001 census 23,233 inhabitants. At the 2012 census, the population was 56,437.

politics

The Diffa Municipal Council ( conseil communal ) elected Brah Malam Mamadou as Mayor on July 17, 2019 . The municipal council has 13 members.

Culture and sights

West entrance to the city with horse sculpture on National Road 1 (2018)

At the entrance to the city of Diffa there is a horse sculpture that relates to the Tubu culture . It is the work of the sculptor Issoufou Lankondé .

The majority of the population belongs to Islam . The small Roman Catholic community is looked after by the N'Guigmi-Diffa parish, founded in 1971 and based in N'Guigmi.

Diffa is a main location in the 1955 novel La grande fauve by Christian Chéry .

Economy and Infrastructure

Weekly market Marché Central in Diffa (2013)

Diffa is an important center for trade with Nigeria and the neighboring region of Zinder, especially for the informal economy . The most widely used currency is the naira of neighboring Nigeria. The weekly market mainly offers food. Diffa is an important hub for red peppers, which is also known as "red gold" because of its high market value. The peppers are grown in the department on a narrow strip of land along the Komadougou Yobé and sold in dried form to Nigeria as well as Zinder , Maradi and Niamey . Pepper cultivation is potentially endangered by diseases of the plants, by low rainfall and by the low water level on the Komadougou Yobé, which can arise from Nigerian dams such as the Tiga reservoir .

There are 175 primary schools in Diffa, two of which are private schools . There are an average of 26 students per primary school teacher (39 nationwide). Diffa is the seat of a Tribunal de Grande Instance, one of the ten civil courts of first instance nationwide .

The city is on National Road 1 . There is a civil airport in Diffa, Diffa Airport ( ICAO code : DRZF).

Personalities

literature

  • Arma Yaou Ousman: Etude économique de la culture du poivron dans les exploitations agricoles familiales de la région de Diffa, cas du village de Kayowa . Mémoire. Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niamey 2014.

Web links

Commons : Diffa  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Thomas Krings: Sahel countries . WBG, Darmstadt 2006, ISBN 3-534-11860-X , p. 16.
  2. ^ Répertoire National des Communes (RENACOM) . Institut National de la Statistique website, accessed November 8, 2010.
  3. ↑ Historique de la decentralization au Niger ( Memento of the original of October 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 93 kB). Website of the program nigéro-allemand de lutte contre la pauvreté dans les zones de Tillabéri et Tahoua-Nord, published May 2008, accessed on 21 January 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lucop.org
  4. ↑ Niger: Timeline regarding the Humanitarian Situation in Diffa (as of 15 August 2015). (PDF) OCHA , August 5, 2015, accessed on May 21, 2018 (English).
  5. ↑ World Gazetteer: Diffa ( Memento of the original from December 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on January 9, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bevoelkerungsstatistik.de
  6. ↑ Presentation of the result globaux définitifs du Quatrième (4ème) Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat (RGP / H) de 2012. (PDF) Institut National de la Statistique, 2014, accessed on April 18, 2014 (French).
  7. ↑ Jean-Marie Nkoussa: Brah Malam Mahamadou élu maire de la commune urbaine de Diffa. In: Niamey et les 2 jours. July 22, 2019, accessed August 3, 2019 (French).
  8. ↑ Aboubacar Halilou: Ousman KOUSSOURI du MNSD-Nassara élu Maire de la Commune Urbaine de Diffa . In: La Source . No. 118 , July 23, 2011, p. 2 ( nigerdiaspora.net [PDF; accessed October 6, 2013]).
  9. ↑ Samira Sabou: Portrait d'artiste: La sculpture, c'est ma vie ... In: aNiamey.com. August 23, 2013, accessed October 16, 2019 (French).
  10. ^ N'Guigmi-Diffa. Eglise Catholique au Niger, accessed July 1, 2015 (French).
  11. ^ Daniel Mignot, Jean-Dominique Pénel: Le Niger dans la littérature française . In: Marie-Clotilde Jacquey (ed.): Littérature nigérienne (=  Notre librairie . No. 107 ). CLEF, Paris 1991, p. 26 .
  12. ↑ Dominique Auzias, Jean-Paul Labourdette: Niger 2009 . Nouvelle édition de l'Université, Paris 2009, ISBN 2-7469-1640-1 , p. 156.
  13. ↑ Livelihoods Zoning “Plus” Activity In Niger ( Memento from September 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.5 MB). 44, Famine Early Warning Systems Network website, published August 2011, accessed January 19, 2012.
  14. ↑ Statistiques de l'éducation de base. Annuaire 2009–2010 (PDF; 19.1 MB). Nigerien Ministry of Education website, published September 2010, accessed February 14, 2012.
  15. ↑ Bachir Talfi: Note sur l'organization judiciaire . Nigerien Ministry of Justice website, accessed September 24, 2012.
  16. ↑ Airports in Niger . Aircraft Charter World website, accessed January 23, 2012.