Kalākaua

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King Kalākaua
Kalākaua (oil painting)

Kalākaua , born as David Laʻamea Kamanakapuʻu Mahinulani Nalaiaehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua , (born November 16, 1836 in Honolulu ; † January 20, 1891 in San Francisco , United States ) was the last male monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom . He ruled from February 12, 1874 until his death. His sister Liliʻuokalani followed him on the throne. The "main street" of Waikīkī , which runs directly along the famous beach of the same name, was named in his honor.

Election of 1872

King Kamehameha V , the last monarch of the Kamehameha dynasty , died on December 11, 1872 without having appointed a successor. According to the royal constitution , the legislature then determined his successor.

There were a few candidates for the throne, but the focus was on the duel between William Charles Lunalilo and Kalākaua. Lunalilo was commonly considered to be the more popular of the two; he was considered to be more liberal and of higher rank than Kalākaua. Many believed that the government should award the throne directly to Lunalilo; But this insisted on an election by the people, which he won on January 1, 1873. The government then confirmed the people's choice the next day.

Election of 1874

Lunalilo took the throne, but died a year later on February 3, 1874. The next day Kalākaua announced his candidacy for king. His greatest opponent was Queen Emma, ​​widow of the late Kamehameha IV. At the time, most members of the Ali'i , the Hawaiian nobility , supported Kalākaua.

The government elected Kalākaua as the new king on February 12, 1874 with 39 votes to 6. Following the announcement of the election results, supporters of Queen Emma broke into the royal court, where they injured several members of the government and killed one. Kalākaua asked the US and UK for help in breaking up the uprising; so at the end of the day general peace was restored. On the day of his election he founded the order Kalākaua I.

Rule as king

Kalākaua named his brother William Pitt Leleiohoku as heir to the throne and thus ended the era of the election of the king by the government. He began his reign with a trip to the Hawaiian Islands. This increased its popularity. The old ʻIolani Palace was replaced by a new building, which began in 1879.

World tour of King Kalākaua in 1881

In 1881, Kalākaua was the first ruling monarch to travel around the world, which he u. a. also led to Austria-Hungary (Vienna), France (Paris) and Germany ( Berlin , Potsdam and Essen ). In Berlin he was a guest at a parade on the Tempelhofer Feld . After the trip, King David Kalākaua received a bell tree from Kaiser Wilhelm I with the inscription “no ka hoomanao ana ia Berlin” (in memory of Berlin). During his stay in Alexandria, the British consul showed him a ship which he described as the resolution with which Cook came to Hawaii at the time.

Kalākaua introduced the telephone and electrical lighting in his palace a few months before the White House .

During the early years of his reign, Kalākaua used his right as king to replace cabinets and appoint new ones.

Shortly before his death, his voice was recorded on a phonograph drum in San Francisco .

medal

In 1874, King Kalākaua founded the Kapiʻolani Order named after his wife Kapiʻolani .

literature

  • Literature by and about Kalākaua in the catalog of the German National Library
  • William N. Armstrong: Around the world with a king. The Story of the Circumnavigation of His Majesty King David Kalakaua . London, New York 2000. ISBN 0-7103-0291-6 [first edition: FA Stokes Company, New York 1904; With introduction by Terence Barrow: CE Tuttle Co., Rutland, Vt., 1977. ISBN 0-8048-1215-2 ]
  • Helena G. Allen: Kalakaua. Renaissance King . Mutual Publishing, Honolulu 1995. ISBN 1-56647-059-5
  • Kalākaua: Na Mele Aimoku, Na Mele Kupuna, a Me Na Mele O Ka Moi Ponoi Kalākaua I. Dynastic Chants, Ancestral Chants, and Personal Chants of King Kalākaua I . Hawaiian Historical Soc., Honolulu 2001. (Hawaiian language reprint series). ISBN 0-945048-05-X ISBN 0-945048-06-8

Web links

Commons : Kalākaua I from Hawaiʻi  - David Kalākaua

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Biographical Sketch of His Majesty King Kalakaua . In: Honolulu Almanac and Directory . 1884, p. 72-74 ( catalog.hathitrust.org [accessed August 8, 2019]). P. 72
  2. ↑ This morning various regiments will be presented to the guest on the Tempelhof field. Berliner Rechts-Zeitung on August 2, 1881, p. 3 ; The King reviewed a large body of infantry the next day [...] , William N. Armstrong: Around the world with a king. The Story of the Circumnavigation of His Majesty King David Kalakaua . London, New York 2000. ISBN 0-7103-0291-6 , p. 254
  3. ^ Influence of Prussia , Honolulu Star-Bulletin Sunday, January 23, 2005
  4. ↑ Mana'o in Hawaiian Dictionaries , ho'omana'o in Hawaiian Dictionaries
  5. ^ William N Armstrong: Around the world with a king . New York 1904, pp. 193f., 196
  6. ^ The Swiss Observer 1/2011, p. 47
  7. ^ Bishop Museum Tries To Revive Past King's Voice ( Memento of March 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Kalākaua
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kalākaua, David; Kalākaua, David Laʻamea Kamanakapuʻu Mahinulani Nalaiaehuokalani Lumialani
BRIEF DESCRIPTION hawaiian king
DATE OF BIRTH November 16, 1836
DATE OF DEATH January 20, 1891
Place of death San Francisco , United States