Kalophrynus

Kalophrynus
	Kalophrynus interlineatus
Systematics
without rank:	Amphibians (Lissamphibia)
Order :	Frog (anura)
Subordination :	Neobatrachia
Family :	Narrow-mouth frogs (Microhylidae)
Subfamily :	Kalophryninae
Genre :	Kalophrynus
Scientific name of the subfamily
	Kalophryninae
	Mivart , 1869
Scientific name of the genus
	Kalophrynus
	Tschudi , 1838

Males and females of Kalophrynus pleurostigma in amplexus

Kalophrynus is an amphibian genus of the family -mouthed . It is the only genus of the subfamily Kalophryninae .

description

The pupils are horizontal. The tongue is elliptical, pear-shaped or almost circular, with entire margins and freely liftable at the back. Behind the choans there is a more or less distinct transverse fold and two more skin folds in front of the throat. The furthest fold of skin is always there, the rest are sometimes serrated. The eardrum is usually not clearly visible. The fingers are free. The toes are connected by webbed feet, but they do not intervene between the metatarsi of the 4th and 5th toes. The tips of the fingers and toes are never widened. The terminal phalanges are simple and bony. The precoracoid are present, but only weakly developed and run parallel to the broad coracoid. The omosternum and sternum are cartilaginous. The transverse processes of the sacral vertebra are moderately widened.

Occurrence

The genus occurs in Assam in India and from southern China to Java and the Philippines .

Systematics

The genus Kalophrynus was first described by Johann Jakob von Tschudi in 1838. It is the only genus of the subfamily Kalophryninae Mivart, 1869. It includes 21 species:

As of June 1, 2014

Kalophrynus baluensis Kiev, 1984
Kalophrynus barioensis Matsui & Nishikawa, 2011
Kalophrynus bunguranus (Günther, 1895)
Kalophrynus calciphilus Dehling, 2011
Kalophrynus cryptophonus Vassilieva, Galoyan, Gogoleva, & Poyarkov, 2014
Kalophrynus eok Das & Haas, 2003
Kalophrynus heterochirus Boulenger, 1900
Kalophrynus honbaensis Vassilieva, Galoyan, Gogoleva, & Poyarkov, 2014
Kalophrynus interlineatus (Blyth, 1855)
Kalophrynus intermedius Inger, 1966
Kalophrynus limbooliati Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Norhayati & Yong, 2012
Kalophrynus menglienicus Yang & Su, 1980
Kalophrynus minusculus Iskandar, 1998
Kalophrynus nubicola Dring, 1983
Kalophrynus palmatissimus Kiev, 1984
Kalophrynus pleurostigma Tschudi, 1838
Kalophrynus punctatus Peters, 1871
Kalophrynus robinsoni Smith, 1922
Kalophrynus subterrestris Inger, 1966
Kalophrynus tiomanensis Chan, Grismer & Grismer, 2011
Kalophrynus yongi Matsui, 2009

Individual evidence

^ Fritz Nieden: Anura II . In: FE Schulze, W. Kükenthal, K. Heider (Ed.): Das Tierreich . Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin and Leipzig 1926, p. 15.
↑ ^a ^b Darrel R. Frost: Kalophrynus Tschudi, 1838 . In: Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference . Version 6.0 (accessed February 22, 2014). ( online ).
^ ^A ^b Anna B. Vassilieva, Eduard A. Galoyan, Svetlana S. Gogoleva & Nikolay A. Poyarkov: Two new species of Kalophrynus Tschudi, 1838 (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Annamite mountains in southern Vietnam. Zootaxa 3796 (3): 401-434 (May 20, 2014)

Web links

Commons : Kalophrynus - collection of images, videos and audio files

[Nieden-1] Fritz Nieden: Anura II . In: FE Schulze, W. Kükenthal, K. Heider (Ed.): Das Tierreich . Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin and Leipzig 1926, p. 15.

[ASW-2] Darrel R. Frost: Kalophrynus Tschudi, 1838 . In: Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference . Version 6.0 (accessed February 22, 2014). ( online ).

[Vassilieva-3] A ^b Anna B. Vassilieva, Eduard A. Galoyan, Svetlana S. Gogoleva & Nikolay A. Poyarkov: Two new species of Kalophrynus Tschudi, 1838 (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Annamite mountains in southern Vietnam. Zootaxa 3796 (3): 401-434 (May 20, 2014)