Kamnitzklamm
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The Kamnitzklamm , also known as Edmundsklamm , is a rocky gorge between Hřensko ( Herrnskretschen ), Mezná and Srbská Kamenice in Bohemian Switzerland in the Czech Republic . The Kamnitz flows through it and flows into the Elbe at Hřensko .
history
The Kamnitz Gorge was skied by young men for the first time in 1877. Prince Edmund Clary-Aldringen had the path through the gorges extended by Italian construction workers by the builder Anton Dagostini for 17,000 guilders in 1889. In 1890 the boat traffic in the Edmundsklamm, also called Stilleklamm (Czech: Edmundova Soutěska or Tichá Soutěska ), started. The Wilde Klamm (Czech: Divoká Soutěska ) followed in 1898. In 1881 there was already a boat trip to the Grundmühle in the adjoining Ferdinandsklamm, which has been discontinued.
flora
The gorge represents a canyon landscape that is unique in the middle latitudes . Cold air gathers in the deep gorges, so that submontane and montane plant species thrive at an unusual height of around 200 meters above sea level. These include the two-flowered violet ( Viola biflora ), the seven-star ( Trientalis europaea ) and the common spruce ( Picea abies ). In addition, various types of moss and ferns accumulate here on the edge of the river, such as the rib fern ( Blechnum spicant ), the fir devil's claw ( Huperzia ) or snake moss ( Lycopodium annotinum ).
At the foot of the gorge there is a forest of fir , spruce , beech and, in some cases , sycamore maple . Where the otherwise narrow gorge allowed the formation of a flood plain , parts of a subcontinental alder- ash floodplain forest ( Arunco sylvestris-Alnetum glutinosae ) with the typical forest goat's beard ( Aruncus sylvestris ) have been preserved.
The exposed locations of the rock reefs are covered by acidophilic pine forests with loosely distributed birch . Since humans no longer intervene, these rocky reefs represent a valuable ecosystem, but these plants, which are rarely found in our latitudes, are increasingly being threatened by the non-native Weymouth pine ( Pinus strobus ). From an ecological point of view, a distinction must be made between the pine forests on the southern slope and the northern slope. The pines on the northern slope, which are mostly in the shade, have adapted to the slightly more humid and colder climate and are more humid. The acidic beech forests adjoin less steep rocky reefs and the flat areas tend to be pine-oak forests with cranberry and blueberry bushes .
fauna
Various bird species are native to the brooks of Bohemian Switzerland. In addition to the white wagtail , the gray wagtail , the dipper and the wren , the kingfisher is resident. There are also various types of dragonflies and otters in the gorge . Native fish species are the brook lamprey and grayling . Salmon were also caught until 1923 . Since 1998, hundreds of thousands of young salmon have been released in the Kamnitz from a project. These animals swim across the Elbe into the sea as far as the waters around Iceland and come back after around four years. For this it was necessary to build fish ladders at the dammed places of the Kamnitz. In 2002 the first returnees were spotted again.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Castles in the air in Saxon Switzerland, Katrin Koritz, ISBN 978-3-938325-56-8
Coordinates: 50 ° 52 ′ 10 ″ N , 14 ° 16 ′ 7 ″ E