Hřensko

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Hřensko
Coat of arms of Hřensko
Hřensko (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Ústecký kraj
District : Děčín
Area : 1989.0098 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 52 '  N , 14 ° 14'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 52 '27 "  N , 14 ° 14' 13"  E
Height: 115  m nm
Residents : 288 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 407 17
License plate : U
traffic
Street: Děčín - Bad Schandau
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 2
administration
Mayor : Zdeněk Pánek (as of 2018)
Address: Hřensko 71
407 17 Hřensko
Municipality number: 562513
Website : www.hrensko.cz
Location of Hřensko in the Děčín district
map
Head of the manor house rock at the entrance to the village

Hřensko (German Herrnskretschen ) is a municipality in Ústecký kraj in the Czech Republic . It is the gateway to the Bohemian Switzerland National Park .

geography

Geographical location

The municipality is located in the north of the country directly on the border with Germany , where the Kamenice (German Kamnitz ) flows into the Elbe . It is the deepest place in Bohemia and the whole of the Czech Republic ( 112.5  m nm ).

Community structure

The municipality of Hřensko consists of the districts of Hřensko ( Herrnskretschen ) and Mezná ( Stimmersdorf ), which also form cadastral districts. Basic settlement units are Hřensko, Mezná and Mezní Louka ( Rainwiese ).

Neighboring places

Bad Schandau Sebnitz
Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna Neighboring communities Jetřichovice (Dittersbach)
Děčín (Tetschen-Bodenbach) Ludvíkovice (Loosdorf), Labská Stráň (Elbleiten), Růžová (Rosendorf), Janov (Jonsdorf)

history

Herrnskretschen was first mentioned in 1475. Quarries , rafting and timber trade determined economic development for a long time. Again and again the place suffered damage from floods of the Elbe and Kamnitz, which have been documented since 1501 and return regularly. Since the 19th century there have also been reports of rockfalls from sandstone cliffs above the village.

Herrskretschen around 1875

The largest is said to have been the collapse of the Marienfelsen above the later manor house, but there is no written record of this event. The former center of the village was on the banks of the Elbe below the mouth of the Kamnitz, around the lower bar , the Hornskratschn . The inn, which was probably built at a rafting warehouse at the beginning of the 14th century , has been documented in writing since 1445. After the church was built on the Kamnitz in 1786, the center of the village shifted to the side valley.

Hotel mansion with mansion rock, in front of it paddle steamer Hohenzollern

The old boatmen and fishing village , which had been in the possession of the Princely House of Clary-Aldringen since the Thirty Years' War , developed into a popular place for recreation and hiking after 1860 . The dominant feature of the village was the mansion that emerged from the lower tavern , which served as an inn and hotel. The sandstone rock behind it is therefore also called the manor house rock. In 1932, the von Clary-Aldringen family sold the large building to the Czech state forest for 688,000 crowns, as they were unable to carry out the necessary construction work after expropriations and the construction of a hunting lodge in Hohenleipa . When the new road from Tetschen to Dresden was built on the right bank of the Elbe in 1938 , the mansion stood in the way and was demolished.

The second important inn was the Obere Schenke in Kamnitztal, which was founded by Friedrich von Salhausen around 1550. The inn on the bridge to Jonsdorf, not far from the church, later became known as the “Deutsches Haus” hotel. After 1945 it continued to operate as the “Český Lev” hotel. It was torn down after a fire.

Hrensko from the Elbe side

The tradition of catching salmon in the Kamnitzbach was continued with the hatching leprosy in 1998. When the Elbe flooded the century in August 2002, Hřensko was almost completely flooded by the Elbe and the backwater of the Kamnitz, and suffered severe damage. Shortly beforehand, parts of the village had to be closed from March to June 2002 because a large rock fall threatened. In August 2010, heavy rains caused the Kamnitz to flood, which caused severe damage in Hřensko. The car bridge at the end of the village and some pedestrian bridges were destroyed. The sea wall was washed away over long stretches, and the tourist boat trips in Edmundsklamm and Wildenklamm also suffered severe damage. The boat trips in the Edmundsklamm could be resumed for Easter 2011.

Origin of name

The name Herrnskretschen is probably derived from the family names Horniss and Kretscham . Other spellings were Hirmskretschen and Hirniskretschen . The Czech name Hřensko comes from an entry in the Bohemian country table from 1623 ( wes Hržensko ginak Hernskrecžem = the village Hržensko or Hernskrecžem ).

Culture and sights

View of the Great Winterberg and the silver walls from Janov

The place is a popular starting point for excursions to Bohemian Switzerland .

  • The Prebischtor is only a few kilometers away.
  • About 2 km northeast of Hrensko there is a 400 m long steep sandstone massif, which is called the silver walls. They fall into the valley of the Suchá Bělá stream. In the west there is the sandstone tower called Silberhorn, in the east the Waldläufer.
  • The Kamnitzklamm has been used by barges since 1890 .
Hřensko

Economy and Infrastructure

In addition to its importance as a destination for excursions, Hřensko lives primarily from shopping tourism, which, like in other Czech towns near the border , is dominated by Vietnamese traders.

traffic

Hřensko, on the right of the Elbe, has two border crossings. The road I / 62 (n Usti. L.-decyne-Hřensko) connects to 3.5 tons passable for vehicles crossing Hřensko / Schmilka with the German Federal Straße 172 . In addition, from 7:30 a.m. to 9:30 p.m. in the summer and 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. in the winter, there is a ferry connection for pedestrians and cyclists to the Schöna train station on the Děčín – Dresden railway line on the left bank of the Elbe , from which there are direct rail connections to Děčín and Dresden. In summer, buses run between the border towns of Hřensko and Schmilka, some of which are vintage models.

Sons and daughters

literature

  • Hana Slavíčková: Hřensko - Herrnskretschen. Guide through the past of Herrnskretschen and its environs up to 1945. Obecní Úřad Hřensko, Děčín 1992, ISBN 80-900003-6-3 .

Web links

Commons : Hřensko  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. http://www.uir.cz/obec/562513/Hrensko
  2. Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/562513/Obec-Hrensko
  4. http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/562513/Obec-Hrensko
  5. http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/562513/Obec-Hrensko
  6. https://www.rsd.cz/wps/portal/web/Silnice-a-dalnice/Scitani-dopravy