Mezná (Hřensko)
| Mezná | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Děčín | ||||
| Municipality : | Hřensko | ||||
| Area : | 1038.363 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 52 ' N , 14 ° 18' E | ||||
| Height: | 292 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 45 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 407 17 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Hřensko - Jetřichovice | ||||
Mezná (German Stimmersdorf ) is a district of Hřensko ( Herrnskretschen ) in the Czech Republic . It is located twelve kilometers northeast of Děčín in Bohemian Switzerland and belongs to the Okres Děčín .
geography
Geographical location
Mezná (meaning border town ) is located on the plateau south of the sandstone massif, on the southern edge of which the border between Germany and the Czech Republic runs and extends on a tongue of land that is formed by the deeply cut Kamnitzklamm and the Schellgraben, now a nameless valley. The town center reaches a height of 292 m above sea level. M. Mezná is the only larger settlement in the Národní park České Švýcarsko ("Bohemian Switzerland National Park").
Local division
The villages Mezná and Mezní Louka belong to the cadastral district of Mezná u Hřenska .
Neighboring communities
Neighboring towns are Mezní Louka in the northeast, Vysoká Lípa and Kamenická Stráň in the southeast, Růžová in the south, Janov in the southwest and Hřensko in the west.
history
The emergence of the settlement as a clearing village is classified in the period from 1350 to 1400 in the late period of German agriculture. It included the single layers Rainwiese and after the opening of the Edmundsklamm in 1890 the summer restoration. This resulted in an area of 1038 ha. Since the place did not have its own church, it was parish to Růžová (German: Rosendorf ) and temporarily to Arnoltice (German: Arnsdorf ). There were profound cuts in the development of the community, especially during the re-Catholicization in Bohemia in the middle of the 17th century and after the events at the end of the Second World War. This is expressed in the development of the number of houses and residents. The number of buildings decreased from 16 to 9 between 1621 and 1654. From 329 in 1930 there were only 110 residents in 1950. The sources of income for the population were initially agriculture, forestry and handicrafts. The smuggling of goods played a not insignificant role in this border region. In 1798 there was a border guard in Stimmersdorf, which later became a financial guard. In the first half of the 19th century, with the gradual rise of tourism, a change occurred. The princes Clary-Aldringen von Teplitz had the gorges and the Prebischtor opened up for tourism. This created new branches of business. In the course of time, many buildings were converted into guest houses and restaurants. Today Mezná is a tourist center in Bohemian Switzerland, the lifeline of which is the Kamnitz gorge. In 1991 the place had 34 inhabitants. In 2001 the village consisted of 22 houses in which 45 people lived.
Origin of name
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The origin of the German name Stimmersdorf could not be clearly clarified until today. The name "Stymmersdorff" is first recorded in 1446 on a document in the Dresden archive.
Culture and sights
In Mezná there are numerous guesthouses and holiday homes for day tourists and vacationers, which invite you to go on a hiking holiday. Several houses date from different periods, going back to before 1620, and have been preserved in their original state. Some are now listed. These are half-timbered houses typical of this region . On the southern slope of Mezná there are mainly specimens with a gable roof. However, there are also those with a mansard roof and a half-timbered upper storey in the center of the village .
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The small monuments in the settlement and on its periphery remind us that until 1945 the area was predominantly inhabited by a population of Catholic faith.
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Next to the building of the former school there is a crucifix made of cast iron on a stone plinth. At the entrance to the village there is a badly damaged baroque group of statues with the three patrons on a hill next to the street in private property. There are two niche chapels on the hiking trail to the Kamnitz Gorge , the former church path to Růžová . The path at the lower end of the path has been built over. At the junction from Kastanienallee to the cemetery there is a reconstructed monument in the shape of an obelisk, which commemorates the inhabitants who died in the First World War.
Cemetery cross in Mezná
Clars Chapel
War memorial
literature
- Hana Slavíčková: Hřensko - Herrnskretschen. Guide through the past of Herrnskretschen and its surroundings up to 1945. Grafiatiska, Děčín 1992, ISBN 80-900003-6-3 .
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