Caravel skyscraper
The caravels skyscraper was in the district in 1967 Buntekuh in Lübeck completed and is the largest (not highest) residential building in Schleswig-Holstein.
location
The district of Buntekuh is located southwest of the Holstentor and is between St. Lorenz North and St. Lorenz South. The name goes back to the former farm Bunte Kuh.
Urban planning was already following the development of a structured and decentralized city in the 1920s. That meant a separation of living, working, relaxing and moving. Goals that Le Corbusier finally published in 1933 with the Charter of Athens . This formed a central point of reference for the development of German post-war construction.
The resulting large housing estate Buntekuh was developed according to the principle of modern urban planning based on the principles of the Charter. The urban garden settlement with light, air and sun, consisting of single-storey chain bungalows, two-storey terraced houses, four-storey row blocks and eight- to sixteen-storey high-rises, was realized with the architect Hans Konwiarz of the housing association Neue Heimat , with the caravel high-rise marking the center, directly opposite the cultural one Center with church and school and a center for shopping.
The high-rise stands in the street in the middle, the Karavellenstraße, which was named after the ship type Karavel , a sailing ship with 2 to 3 masts and high stern for conquering the seas. The caravel stands for heavy loads and Danzig and Lübeck took a leading place in construction in the 16th century.
history
The large housing estate was created due to the inadequate housing conditions that still prevail despite the numerous residential areas that have developed. At the end of 1959, 24,000 people are said to have still lived in emergency apartments in Lübeck, which means that the city was in a significantly less favorable location than in the other major cities. As a result of the refugees and displaced persons, Schleswig-Holstein had to cope with an extremely disproportionate burden of over 70% overpopulation.
The housing association Neue Heimat acquired the land and properties for the construction of the residential complex in 1961 and in 1965 celebrated the largest topping-out ceremony in the history of the Hanseatic city with a new building with 1,062 apartments and 192 garages. A total of 2,700 apartments for 8,000 people were to be built.
The Neue Heimat - it belonged to the German Trade Union Federation - had risen to become the largest housing association in Germany. Well-known architects were either commissioned with the urban planning of settlements or strengthened the planning department for the company's own better performance. Hans Konwiarz was with Neue Heimat Hamburg from 1954 to 1980. He became known in 1966 with the planning of the major Alster Center project .
From Neue Heimat there was a lively exchange with other European countries on modern residential construction. In addition, the results of the apartment survey “This is how I want to live” pointed the way. It emerged from this that people would predominantly like to live in the city's local transport area, preferring mixed development with communal green spaces and a higher standard of living.
Ernst May , the German architect and urban planner who became known as the head of the Frankfurt housing estate from 1925–1930 with the planning and implementation of the Neues Frankfurt project , worked for Neue Heimat from 1956–1958. His heart beat in the organization of housing for the masses, as he is said to have written in his application. He managed and built up the planning department, planned a number of settlements and remained active in an advisory capacity. In mass housing he represented contemporary goals.
After the war there was lively discussion about the development of high-rise apartment buildings. According to Ernst May, architectural highlights such as high-rise apartment blocks should be used to create landmarks in urban space as “city crowns” in order to prevent monotony. However, he feared “living in high-rise buildings would in any case endanger the mental or physical health of the child; the direct connection between home and garden cannot be replaced. Above a certain height, the connection from mother to child is practically cut off, and roof gardens, apart from the associated dangers, are no substitute for one's own garden. Thus, there is a natural limitation of the group of residents of the high-rise to childless married couples, parents after their children have moved out and single people. "
Impeccable sunbathing and lighting of the apartment and a protected insertion of loggias and balconies that the neighbors cannot see were the requirements for quality and privacy, as well as an arcade access for the small and very small apartments.
In “loving design of the whole”, the essential endeavor to map the internal functions of a building in the external design was shaped with a brief, modern design. The use of machines instead of manual work at high costs established "an aesthetic of unadorned simplicity". The focus was on the practical utility of the residential building and through “a masterly hand” the proportioning of the building and the finely divided structure of the facades with window and door openings was to be achieved as an architectural top achievement. Simplicity was another measure of quality.
The residential building was enlivened by stairwells, arcades and balconies. Excessive standardization, which also affected the windows, was feared to freeze, which was not the aim.
After completion, the striking high-rise became home mainly to the elderly.
In the 1980s, the natural fluctuation was noticeable through vacancies.
After the dissolution of the housing association Neue Heimat in the 1990s, the property company Trave had to take the high-rise building into its portfolio, justified by an exclusively political decision. The demolition was checked before a decision was made to keep it.
The building
The caravel tower is 40 m high with 14 storeys. 16,000 m² of living space are spread over 420 apartments from 32–52 m². The floor plans vary from 1 room, 1 ½ room and 1 ½ ½ room, always with a kitchen, full bathroom and balcony.
The structure, made up of two opposing panes, has three stair towers, and the largest apartments, located at the outer ends of the panes and in the middle, form pillars. In front of the entrances on the side of the closing panes, the mailbox and bell systems are under the roof.
The skyscraper was built using assembly lines. Apartments from the front to the back are accessed via arcades and have balconies at the rear across the entire width . The construction defines the appearance. In addition to the light parapets, the balconies are made of pebbled concrete slabs, the horizontal brickwork is also emphasized with light cladding in the height and thickness of the floor slabs. The stair towers are clad in bright light throughout and emphasized vertically.
You can see apartment doors painted dark blue behind the arcades, and the entrance area was originally blue.
The red-white-blue appearance of the caravel high-rise corresponds to the colors of the Schleswig-Holstein flag .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Grundstücksgesellschaft Trave mbH: Mietermagazin Hausfreund, Dräger and Wullenwever, Lübeck 02/2017, pp. 20-25: 50 years of caravel
- ↑ a b c Maria Seiher: Moisling and Buntekuh with the villages of Genin, Niendorf, Reecke, Moorgarten and Padelügge: Chronicle . Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2016, ISBN 3-7950-3124-9 / ISBN 978-3-7950-3124-4 . P. 135, P. 143, P. 144, P. 145
- ↑ a b Stadt & Gesellschaft GmbH: update of the integrated development concept Lübeck - Buntekuh , Lübeck September 2010, pp. 7–10: The area of the social city in the Buntekuh district
- ↑ Maritime Lexicon: Karavelle , Modellskipper.de, accessed online on December 31, 2017
- ^ Eckhard Huebner: Schleswig-Holstein's way into the Federal Republic . From world war chaos to democratic awakening , Minister-President of the State of Schleswig-Holstein 2009, p. 56: The overpopulation of Schleswig-Holstein
- ^ Karl H. Hoffmann: Neue Heimat Portraits Hans Konwiarz, Hamburgisches Architekturarchiv, accessed online on December 31, 2017
- ↑ a b c d e f Florian Seidel: Ernst May: Urban development and architecture in the years 1954–1970 , Technical University of Munich, dissertation April 22, 2008
Coordinates: 53 ° 51 ′ 21.8 " N , 10 ° 38 ′ 48.3" E