Karl Feussner

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Karl Feußner (born October 17, 1855 in Rinteln , † October 24, 1915 in Berlin ) was an electrical engineer.

Life

Feussner was a son of Heinrich Feussner (1803-1877), a senior high school teacher in Hanau and Rinteln, and his wife Marie Cöster (* 1818), the daughter of Hanau District Administrator Georg Friedrich Cöster (1780-1839). The grandfather, Heinrich Wilhelm Feussner, was the manager of the Fleckenbühl farm in Schönstadt . His brother Wilhelm Feussner (1843–1928) became a physicist in Marburg.

Karl Feußner studied in Marburg, where he obtained his doctorate in 1882 with the dissertation New Method of Determining Refraction Exponents Using Total Reflection. Then he was a teacher. In 1882 he developed a total reflectometer and in 1884 new polarizing prisms .

In 1888 he married Clara Habicht (1860–1938), the daughter of the lawyer August Habicht, in Schmalkalden . Her son Otto Feussner (1890–1934) became a physicist.

In 1888 Karl Feußner took over the management of the electrical department of the newly founded Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt in Berlin-Charlottenburg. He improved the then modest measuring devices. He turned the still imperfect Poggendorff compensation circuit into a precision voltmeter. Together with Stephan Lindeck , around 1889 he created the new resistance alloys Manganin and Constantan and in the following year mica sheet resistors (thin metal strips wound onto thin mica sheets). In 1901 he developed an eddy current brake. He also designed electrical test offices.

With Franz Linke he constructed the caloric radiation measuring device Panzeraktinometer . As a relative instrument, however, it was inferior to absolute instruments such as A. Ängström's compensation pyrheliometer from 1893. He also constructed a quartz glass pyrheliometer .

Publications

  • The prisms z. Polarization d. Lichtes , in: Zs. F. Instrument Idea. 4, 1884
  • Metal alloys f. electr. Resistances ; ibid. 9, 1889
  • The electr. Standard wirewound resistors d. Physikal.-Techn. Reichsanstalt ; 1895
  • A compensation apparatus z. Voltage measurement ; 1890
  • The construction d. electr. Standard resistances d. Physikal.-Techn. Reichsanstalt ; in: Elektrotechn. Zs. 12, 1891
  • Combination circuit electr. Resistance theorems , ibid. 12, 1891, p. 294
  • New materials f. electr. Measuring resistors ; ibid. 13, 1892, pp. 99-102;
  • New forms of electr. Resistance sets ; 1899;
  • High voltage batteries ; 1899

literature

  • Beautiful: Karl Feussner †. In: Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift , Volume 36, Issue 48 (December 2, 1915), p. 642.

supporting documents

  1. ^ Josef Krönert:  Feussner, Karl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 117 ( digitized version ).
  2. ^ "Feußner, Friedrich Wilhelm", in: Professor catalog of the Philipps University of Marburg online (as of August 12, 2016)
  3. ↑ F. Möller: History of the meteorological radiation research. In: Deutscher Wetterdienst (Ed.): Promet. meteorological training. Issue 2/1973, pp. 1–22, here p. 8. ( Online  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; PDF; 924 kB)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.dwd.de  
personal data
SURNAME Feussner, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German electrical engineer
DATE OF BIRTH October 17, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH Rinteln
DATE OF DEATH October 24, 1915
Place of death Berlin