Karl Menninger (psychiatrist)

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Eleanor Roosevelt and Karl Menninger in Topeka in 1959

Karl Augustus Menninger (born July 22, 1893 in Topeka ; † July 18, 1990 ) was an American psychiatrist and member of the Menninger family, the founder of the Menninger Foundation and the Menninger Clinic in Topeka (Kansas).

Life

He was born on July 22, 1893 in Topeka to Florenca Vesta (Kinsley) and Charles Frederick Menninger. He attended Indiana University Bloomington , Washburn University and the University of Wisconsin – Madison . He was accepted at Harvard Medical School , where he received his doctorate cum laude in 1917 . During his medical internship at Boston Psychopathic Hospital , he became interested in psychiatry and the mental state of man when his mentor, Elmer Ernest Southard, encouraged him to deal with the emotional and spiritual needs of growing children, the satisfaction of which is essential for healthy spiritual development is.

Menninger returned to Topeka, where he and his father founded the Menninger Psychiatric Clinic in 1919. After they had found enough investors, they also opened the Menninger Sanatorium in 1925. His younger brother William C. Menninger , who played a major role in the US Army's psychiatric work, later joined them and expanded the clinic to include a number of psychiatric care options for adults and children. In 1941 the Menninger Foundation was founded. Menninger helped, among other things, in cooperation with the federal government to open the Winter Veterans Administration Hospital , whose potential as a teaching facility for psychiatry students he recognized, which later became the driving force behind the founding of the Karl Menninger School of Psychiatry .

Karl A. Menninger had been married to Grace Gaines since 1916, with whom he had three children. They divorced in February 1941. On September 9, 1941, he married again, Jeanetta Lyle. The two adopted their daughter Rosemary Menninger in 1948.

He served as a prison counselor many times in his life and helped develop the Stone-Brandel Center in Chicago. In 1964, he founded Villages, Inc., an organization that provided housing to neglected children, orphans, and children who were victims of abuse. Menninger was also an active member of 35 professional organizations, including serving as president of the American Psychoanalytic Association from 1941 to 1942. He had a seat on the board of directors of 22 companies and generally recognized professorships at six universities and training centers.

Throughout his life he tried to combine Christianity and psychoanalysis. In that sense, he described homosexuality as abnormal.

For his commitment, he was considered for many awards before his death on July 18, 1990, including the 1981 President's Medal of Freedom from Jimmy Carter .

Journalism

Menninger wrote a number of books in the field of psychiatry, his first book, the bestseller The Human Mind , appeared in 1930 and was one of the first better-known works on mental hygiene and psychiatry. The book tried to show what the world of daily life and the everyday problems of the mentally ill look like in the eyes of a psychiatrist, and thus gave the American readership new insights and a sometimes new perspective on the approach of psychiatrists and psychopathology at the time. Following the success of this work, his name appeared in many newspapers and magazines, to which he himself contributed a few articles.

The well-known works Man Against Himself , Love Against Hate , The Vital Balance and The Crime of Punishment followed, among others .

Works (selection)

  • 1930. The Human Mind . Garden City, NY: Garden City Pub. Co.
  • 1931. From Sin to Psychiatry, an Interview on the Way to Mental Health with Dr. Karl A. Menninger with LM Birkhead. Little Blue Books Series # 1585. Girard, Kansas: Haldeman-Julius Press.
  • 1938. Man Against Himself . New York: Harcourt, Brace.
  • 1950. Guide to Psychiatric Books; with a Suggested Basic Reading List. New York: Grune & Stratton.
  • 1952. Manual for Psychiatric Case Study . New York: Grune & Stratton.
  • 1958. Theory of Psychoanalytic Technique . New York: Basic Books.
  • 1959. A Psychiatrist's World: Selected Papers . New York: Viking Press.
  • 1963. The Vital Balance: The Life Process in Mental Health and Illness . New York: Viking Penguin.
  • 1968. Life as balance; mental health and illness in the life process . Munich: R. Piper.
  • 1968. The Crime of Punishment . New York: Penguin Books.
  • 1972. A Guide to Psychiatric Books in English [by] Karl Menninger . New York: Grune & Stratton.
  • 1973. Whatever Became of Sin? . New York: Hawthorn Books.
  • 1978. The Human Mind Revisited: Essays in Honor of Karl A. Menninger . Edited by Sydney Smith. International Universities Press New York.
  • 1985. Conversations with Dr. Karl Menninger (sound recording)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.taz.de/US-Psychoanalytiker-erfanden-Gefuehle/!156364/
  2. ↑ Biography ( Memento of the original from September 6, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Closely.) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kshs.org
  3. ↑ Works (English)
personal data
SURNAME Menninger, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Menninger, Karl Augustus (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH July 22, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Topeka
DATE OF DEATH July 18, 1990