Cashmere liverwort
| Cashmere liverwort | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Hepatica falconeri | ||||||||||||
| ( Thomson ) Juz. |
The cashmere liverwort ( Hepatica falconeri ) is a species of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It occurs in the high mountains of Central Asia. The species was relatively unknown for a long time, it was found and confirmed in 2001 in the mountains of northern Pakistan at an altitude of about 3000 m by Japanese and Pakistani botanists.
description
Hepatica falconeri is a perennial herbaceous perennial and is 6–15 (–20) cm high. The new leaves appear from March after the flowers, the plants grow until October and turn yellow by the end of November. The leaves are three-lobed with numerous tips similar to H. transsilvanica . The flowers have 5 to 7 white bracts, these occasionally have a reddish underside. They are 10–18 (–20) mm in diameter. Similar to H. transsilvanica, the plant forms creeping root shoots with elongated, membranous scales at the top. The basal leaves are three-lobed, kidney-shaped-heart-shaped, at first shaggy, later with sparsely soft hair, deeply slit and occasionally have light spots. There are horizontally protruding soft hairs on the handle. The species is diploid, like the common liverwort with chromosome number 2n = 14.
distribution
It occurs in the mountain forests of Central Asia. The distribution area extends over the Indian northwest Himalayas (districts Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir ), the Tienschan of northwest China ( Xinjiang Ghulja to Kashmir), the Transili-Alatau in Kazakhstan, the Pamir and the Alai in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan and the northern mountains of Pakistan. It inhabits shady forests and bushes as well as stony mountain slopes on karst limestone at altitudes of 2000–3100 m.
use
The species is occasionally used as an ornamental plant.
Taxonomy
The Kashmiri Hepatica is classified within the genus with the three species mentioned below in the Angulosa (Ulbr.) Nakai section .
According to karyological data, it has been suggested that this diploid species (or a direct ancestor of it now extinct) could be one of the progeny of the allotetraploid Hepatica henryi , Hepatica transsilvanica and Hepatica yamatutai . The species has the smallest genome of all Hepatica species. It was therefore suspected that it could possibly be a relic clan that split off early, but this conclusion is still uncertain on this basis alone.
There are two opinions about belonging to a genus: Most authors place the liverwort in the genus Hepatica . Other authors provide a broad genus Anemone ( Anemone ). The species is then referred to as Anemone falconeri Thomson.
literature
- Michael Alexander Commichau: Hepatica: Current overview of the genus. Self-published, Suhl, supplemented edition. 2007–2012. ( http://hepatica-privat.de/Data/Hepatica.pdf )
- Figure http://www.holubec.wbs.cz/Central-Asia--Tian-Shan_-Borohoro.html (search for hf in the text)
- Images (6) at http://theflowerphotosite.com/sp/h593.html
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sergej Wassilievich Yuzepczuk: Hepatica falconeri (T. THOMSON). 'Флора СССР' (Flora Unionis Rerumpublicarum Sovieticarum Socialisticarum) vol. 7 p. 283-285 (1937) (English translation ( http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/95296#page/255/mode/1up ))
- ↑ YJ Nasir: Anemone falconeri. In: Flora of Pakistan. on-line
- ↑ a b Mikinori Ogisu, M. Rashid Awan, Tomoo Mabuchi & Yuki Mikanagi: Morphology, phenology and cytology of Hepatica falconeri in Pakistan. Kew Bulletin Vol. 57 No. 4, 2002, pp. 943-953, Royal Botanic Garden, Kew
- ↑ Illustration in Flora of Pakistan; http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=250097043
- ↑ Klaus Kaiser: Anemones. Verlag Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart 1995, p. 99
- ↑ Hanna Weiss-Schneeweiss, Gerald M. Schneeweiss, Tod F. Stuessy, Tomoo Mabuchi, Jeong-Mi Park, Chang-Gee Jang, Byung-Yun Sun (2007): Chromosomal stasis in diploids contrasts with genome restructuring in auto- and allopolyploid taxa of Hepatica (Ranunculaceae). New Phytologist 174 (3): 669-682. doi : 10.1111 / j.1469-8137.2007.02019.x
- ↑ BJM Zonneveld (2010): Genome Sizes in Hepatica Mill: (Ranunculaceae) Show a Loss of DNA, Not a Gain, in Polyploids. Journal of Botany 2010, Article ID 758260, 7 pages. doi : 10.1155 / 2010/758260