Zadar Cathedral
The Cathedral of Zadar or Cathedral of St. Anastasia ( Croatian Katedrala sv. Stošije ) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in the Croatian Zadar and also bears the title of a minor basilica . The largest church in all of Dalmatia is the seat of the Archdiocese of Zadar and is dedicated to the early Christian martyr Anastasia of Sirmium , whose relics rest in a sarcophagus in the north apse of the church.
The origins of the church in the immediate vicinity of Sv. Donat go back to a Christian basilica that was built in the 4th and 5th centuries, while a large part of the current three-aisled building was built in the 12th and 13th centuries in the Romanesque style.
history
The patron saint of the original basilica from the 4th and 5th centuries was St. Peter . During the time of Bishop Donatus, the diocese received the ashes of St. Anastasia of Sirmium from Emperor Nikephorus I , who became the patroness of the cathedral. Donatus commissioned the sarcophagus for the relic. 10th century records corroborate the allegations made by the Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII about its rich ornamentation. Most of the church was redesigned in the 11th and 12th centuries and rededicated by Pope Alexander VII in 1177 . The cathedral was badly damaged during the siege of Zadar by the Venetians and Crusaders in 1202. The restoration continued throughout the 13th century. The church was rededicated on May 27, 1285, although the new building, modeled on the church of Santa Maria della Piazza in Ancona , was not completed until 1324. The ground floor and the first floor of the bell tower were built in 1452, the tower was only completed in a neo-Romanesque style in 1893 . Already in 1867 the church was by Pope Pius IX. bestowed the rank of minor basilica . Pope John Paul II visited her on June 9, 2003 on one of his last international trips.
description
The facade, which was completed in 1324, is characterized by the Tuscan Romanesque. The lower and more massive section has three portals, the middle of which is decorated with a bas-relief with a Madonna and Child, St. Chrysogonus and Anastasia is decorated. The upper part of the facade culminates in a triangular gable and is decorated with four Lombard ribbons. These include a large rose window in Romanesque style and a smaller one in Gothic. The left edge of the facade is decorated with a lion statue, while the right edge is decorated with a bull statue, symbols of the evangelists Mark and Luke . The ornate main portal contains a bas-relief with four apostles. The lunette of the left portal is decorated with a statue of Agnus Dei , while the consoles near the vault contain statues of the Angel Gabriel and the Virgin Mary, older than the portal.
The basilica has a high nave and two side aisles, which are only a third of the width of the main nave and are separated from it by rows of columns. The choir is raised, the 12th century crypt is below. In the choir there is a choir stalls with 54 seats, which was made by the Venetian Matej Morozan on behalf of Archbishop Luka Turriani of Fermo from 1432 in the Gothic style and was previously polychrome. Above the main altar with a depiction of the crucifixion and the twelve apostles from the 15th century is the early Gothic ciborium from 1322, next to it is the archbishop's cathedra . The side aisles are provided with further altars. There are also fragments of medieval frescoes in the cathedral.
The church has a sixth-century hexagonal baptistery located on the south side of the cathedral. It was destroyed in the bombing of Zadar on December 16, 1943 and restored in 1989.
organ
Since 2010, the cathedral has had a French-Romantic organ from the German company Orgelbau Eisenbarth .
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Coupling:
mechanical: II-I, III-I, III-II, IP, II-P, III-P.
electrical: Sub III, Super III, Sub III-I, Super III-I, Sub III-II, Super III-II.
4000 free combinations, two crescendo rollers.
Individual evidence
- ^ Katedrala sv. Stošije (Anastazije) on gcatholic.org
- ↑ a b Cathedral of St. Anastasia on zadar.travel
- ↑ a b Sv. Stošija (Katedrala) (Croatian)
- ^ Choir Stalls from the Cathedral of St. Anastasia in Zadar of the Croatian Conservation Institute
- ↑ Organ of the Zadar Cathedral (accessed October 25, 2017)
Coordinates: 44 ° 6 ′ 58 ″ N , 15 ° 13 ′ 28 ″ E