Chrysogonus of Aquileia

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St. Chrysogonus of Aquileia ( Michele Giambono , San Trovaso , Venice )

Chrysogonus of Aquileia ( Italian Crisogono , Croatian Sveti Krševan , Serbian - Cyrillic Хрисогон Никејски ; † around 303 in Aquileia ) is considered an early Christian martyr . He is venerated as a saint in the Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox Churches and named in the canon of the first prayer and in the prayer of the Ambrosian rite .

Life

In the figure of the saint, the traditions of two persons of the same name flow together: one venerated in Rome and one in Aquileia. There is no historical evidence that Chrysogonus was bishop of the diocese of Aquileia . Several legends developed around the figure of Chrysogonus.

He is considered the educator and soul guide of St. Anastasia († 304), who is also mentioned in the first prayer, and as a spiritual friend of her mother. For a long time he was a prisoner of the emperor Diocletian (284–305) and was provided with food by St. Anastasia. Around 303 the emperor had him brought from Rome to Aquileia. There he offered him a prominent position and made it a condition that Chrysogonus should renounce his Christian faith.

Chrysogonus refused this request and opposed the emperor. During the time of the Diocletian persecution of Christians , Chrysogonus was beheaded at the behest of the emperor. His physical remains were thrown into the sea, but according to tradition they were pushed back to shore by fish. Here they were collected and buried by a monk named Zoilus.

Adoration

It is testified that on November 24th at the beginning of the 4th century one of the oldest churches in Rome, the church of San Crisogono in Trastevere , consecrated to him , was built above an old auditorium and in 499 Chrysogonus was ascribed to it. From the year 595 he was called a saint. In Martyrologium Hieronymianum Chrysogonus is named and on the mosaics in Sant'Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna presented. The church consecrated to him was expanded into a basilica , by Pope Gregory III. (731–741) further equipped and enlarged in 1127.

Church of St. Chrysogonus in Zadar

The relics of the saint were transferred to Verona in the 11th century and then brought to the Tegernsee monastery . Together with the so-called "Tegernsee Patronen", Kastor ( Castorius ) from Pannonia and Quirinus , they are venerated in the former abbey church of St. Quirinus. The feast day of St. Chrysogonus in the Catholic and Orthodox Churches is November 24 and December 22, respectively.

presentation

In art he is represented as a young knight with the IHS , as attributes a sword or an ax as well as fish are attached to him, his name means "the gold born". As one of the three patron saints of the city of Hanover , he was depicted on a relief around the year 1290 , which is today in the garden church of St. Marien .

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Chrysogonus of Aquileia  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Josef Andreas Jungmann SJ: Missarum Sollemnia. A genetic explanation of the Roman mass. Volume 2, Herder Verlag, Vienna, Freiburg, Basel, 5th edition 1962, p. 220.
    Victor Saxer: Chrysogonus . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 2 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1994, Sp. 1190 f .
  2. ^ Representation of the beheading , Heidelberg University Library: HeidICON. The Heidelberg image database
  3. ^ Castorius , entry in the Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints
personal data
SURNAME Chrysogonus of Aquileia
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Crisogono di Aquileia
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Martyr, saint
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd century
DATE OF DEATH 303
Place of death Aquileia