Anastasia from Sirmium

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Anastasia with book and martyr's palm, Book of Hours from Liège, 1250–1300
Orthodox icon of St. Anastasia with the Greek surname Φαρμακολύτρια (Pharmakolýtria)
Anastasia with a martyr's cross, mosaic in the monastery of Hosios Lukas, 11th century

St. Anastasia of Sirmium (Croat. Stošija ; † around 304 in Sirmium , Syrmia , today Serbia ) was an early Christian martyr . She is venerated as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church and Orthodox Churches . She is called, among other things, as the patron saint of diseases, which the Greek epithet Φαρμακολύτρια (Pharmakolýtria) indicates. Anastasia probably suffered martyrdom in the persecution of Christians under Diocletian . Their relics were around 465 first by Konstantin Opel transferred and there in her consecrated buried church.

St. Anastasia is mentioned in various martyrologies and is also included in the Roman mass canon . In Rome , the church of Sant'Anastasia al Palatino was dedicated to her. Because their feast is celebrated in the western church on December 25th, their Roman title church became the station church for the second mass of the Pope on Christmas Day , the Missa in aurora (mass at dawn) or "shepherds' mass" in the 5th century .

Lore

Against her will, Anastasia was married to a pagan man. After the early death of her husband, she devoted herself entirely to caring for captured Christians in Rome . When her soul leader Chrysogonus was captured by Aquileia in the persecution of Christians , she accompanied him to the place of execution in Aquileia in northern Italy. There she was seized herself, thrown into dungeon in Sirmium and finally sentenced to death. They were driven out to sea in a leaky boat; but because the ship did not sink, she was burned in Sirmium.

Adoration

Relief of St. Anastasia in the Cathedral of Zadar in Croatia, 1150 to 1200

The feast of St. Anastasia is on December 25th in the Western Church, on October 12th or December 22nd in the Eastern Church , and on January 5th in the Coptic Church .

In iconography, the saint is represented as a young woman with a veil and the attributes of a cross, martyr's palm , scissors, medicine vessel or at the stake, tied to stakes or on a boat. Anastasia von Sirmium is called upon for assistance with head diseases, breast ailments and difficult births; therefore she bears the Greek honorary title Pharmakolytria (“Liberator through medicine”).

In the Anastasia Chapel of the Benediktbeuern Monastery on Lake Kochel in Bavaria, there have been relics of St. Anastasia since 1053 , which were the destination of many pilgrimages in the Middle Ages . The Kochelsee miracle in 1704 is based on the invocation of St. Anastasia returned.

Anastasia is also one of the patron saints of the Croatian coastal city of Zadar . The Zadar Cathedral , dedicated to St. Anastasia, also houses relics of St. Anastasia.

Web links

Commons : Anastasia von Sirmium  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Lexicon of Christian Iconography (LCI), Freiburg 2004, Volume 5, Sp. 130-133 with sources
  2. ^ Lexicon for Theology and Church (LThK), Freiburg 2006, Vol. 1 Sp. 598
  3. ↑ Hans Georg Wehrens: Rome - The Christian sacred buildings from the 4th to the 9th century - Ein Vademecum , Freiburg, 2nd edition 2017, p. 159f.
personal data
SURNAME Anastasia from Sirmium
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Martyr and saint
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd century
DATE OF DEATH at 304
Place of death Sirmium