Station Church

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The procession of St. Gregory at Castel Sant'Angelo , Giovanni di Paolo (1465–1470)

Churches in Rome are referred to as station churches , where so-called station services are held according to ancient church custom . These services, originally all celebrated by the Pope , are those that the local bishop celebrates in the churches of his city at fixed times. With reference to Joh 17.22 EU, they should symbolize  the unity of the communities of Rome with one another and with the Pope. Before the service attracts a procession , often from another church, the so-called Collectakirche in which one it after a Statio gathered, singing the All Saints church.

Station services have been demonstrable in the Eastern and Western Churches since the end of the 4th century. The practice in the Roman Catholic Church solidified in the course of the 5th century and received its final form under Gregory the Great , which was valid until the Constitution Sacrosanctum Concilium on the Holy Liturgy in 1963. The announcement of a station service and the church in which it was to be celebrated was made solemnly in the liturgy of the previous Sunday; the congregation responded to the sung announcement of the deacon with Deo Gratias .

Of the 101 station services in 45 churches during the church year , the Pope only presides over a few himself. Since John XXIII. it is customary that he only conducts the station services on Ash Wednesday and Maundy Thursday . All other station services are carried out on behalf of the Pope by the Pontifical Academy Cultorum Martyrum . A ward service is planned every day for Lent and the October octave .

According to the Roman model, station services also appeared in other places. The Caeremoniale Episcoporum for Lent recommends that the local congregations, at least in larger cities, celebrate their own station services.

Overview of the station churches in Rome

Anselm Schott OSB postulated that the location of the station church "not infrequently" had an influence on the choice of the measurement texts. The location of the station church on the Monday of the first week of fasting and on Whit Monday, S. Pietro in Vinculi, next to an old building of the city prefecture was certainly decisive for the choice of the gospel of the day from the Last Judgment. Because of the location of St. Anastasias next to old main trading places and exchange offices in Rome, the Gospel of the expulsion of the money changers from the temple was probably chosen. The station churches St. Paul Outside the Walls (for sexagesimae) and St. Susanna also reveal similar connections.

The following list shows the information in the Roman Missal , which was in use until shortly after the Second Vatican Council. On the corresponding day, the station church is also mentioned in the introduction to the Proprium .

literature

  • Dino Satolli: Roman Lent. Reflections on the station celebrations with a brief description of the station churches. Wiener Dom-Verlag, Vienna 1965

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ station liturgy - Glossary - praxis-gottesdienst.net. Retrieved April 11, 2017 .
  2. ↑ The complete Roman missal - in Latin and German with general and special introductions following the missal by Anselm Schott OSB , Benediktiner der Erzabtei Beuron (ed.), Herder, Freiburg, 1952, p. 6ff.
  3. ↑ Station churches. Retrieved April 11, 2017 .