Khmelnytskyi nuclear power plant

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Khmelnytskyi nuclear power plant
Unit 1 and 2 of the nuclear power plant
Unit 1 and 2 of the nuclear power plant
location
Khmelnytskyi nuclear power plant (Ukraine)
Khmelnytskyi nuclear power plant
Coordinates 50 ° 18 '18 "  N , 26 ° 38' 42"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 18 '18 "  N , 26 ° 38' 42"  E
Country: UkraineUkraine Ukraine
Data
Owner: Energoatom
Operator: Energoatom
Project start: 1975
Commercial operation: Aug 13, 1988

Active reactors (gross):

2 (2000 MW)

Reactors under construction (gross):

2 (2000 MW)
Energy fed in in 2006: 13,863 GWh
Energy fed in since commissioning: 231,862 GWh
Website: Khmelnitsky nuclear power plant
Was standing: March 31, 2014
The data source of the respective entries can be found in the documentation .
f1

The nuclear power plant Khmelnytsky ( Ukrainian Хмельницька атомна електростанція , Russian Хмельницкая атомная электростанция ) is near Netishyn , in the Khmelnytskyi Oblast area. The Horyn River is nearby .

The nuclear power plant consists of two active and two reactors under construction of Soviet design VVER -1000. The operator is the state-owned company Energoatom .

history

The nuclear power plant was originally planned under the name West Ukraine II nuclear power plant. However, this was later changed to the name of the Khmelnytskyi nuclear power plant. The location was chosen from 50 different locations. On November 28, 1979, the Minister of Energy and Electrification of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics designed the site with a capacity of 4000 MW. In 1980 the construction of the cooling water reservoir began, which has a size of 22 km².

Reactor block 1

Block 1 of the nuclear power plant

Construction of the first nuclear reactor began on November 1, 1981. On December 10, 1987, Khmelnytskyi-1 became critical for the first time .

Reactor block 2

Construction of the second reactor block began on February 1, 1985. Construction was temporarily suspended after the Ukrainian Parliament passed a moratorium on the construction of NPPs in 1990.

In 1995 the G7 countries, the European Commission and Ukraine signed a letter of intent to close the Chernobyl nuclear power plant . In support of the Ukrainian decision, Ukraine was granted a loan from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) to complete the two 80 percent completed nuclear power plant blocks Chmelnytskyi-2 and Rivne -4 as a replacement for the shutdown Chernobyl nuclear power plant and to comply with western safety standards to be retrofitted ("K2 / R4" program). On December 7, 2000, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development approved a loan of US $ 215 million. In 2000, the European Commission decided to grant a EURATOM loan for the completion of the Ukrainian reactors Khmelnitsky 2 and Rowno 4 in the amount of 585 million US dollars. The granting of the loan, however, was linked to a decision by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. However, since the EBRD criteria for lending were not met by Ukraine, the loan was ultimately not disbursed. In July 2004, shortly before the two reactors started operating, the EBRD allocated US $ 42 million for modernization and safety improvements. As part of EURATOM, the European Commission made a further 83 million US dollars available to finance a safety retrofit for the state operator Energoatom.

The second reactor block finally became critical for the first time on August 1, 2004 and was synchronized with the grid for the first time on August 7, 2004. On December 15, 2005, it then went into commercial operation.

Reactor block 3 and reactor block 4

In 1986 and 1987, construction of reactor units 3 and 4 began. Due to a moratorium by the Ukrainian parliament in 1990, construction was suspended.

At a meeting in Kiev from July 14 to 16, 2008, the Russian nuclear power plant operator Rosenergoatom and the Ukrainian operator Energoatom discussed the possible completion of units 3 and 4. The VVER-1000 / 392B reactor type is considered. This series was actually designed specifically for units 5 and 6 of the Balakowo nuclear power plant . In addition to nuclear power exports , there is competition from abroad, including the French Areva , the American company Westinghouse and the South Korean company KEPCO .

On September 16, 2015 it was announced that the contract with Russia on the possible completion of units 3 and 4 had been canceled and an alternative investor would be sought. The reason is probably the ongoing international law conflict in Ukraine, which erupted in the Crimean crisis and has continued with the war in Ukraine since 2014 . Due to the ongoing war, it cannot be assumed that an alternative investor will be found in the foreseeable future, and it is also questionable how such reactors of the Soviet type should be completed. Completion of reactors in Ukraine is likely to be a project that will result in a conflict with the Kremlin and thus endanger a country's economic relations with Russia. Even if there is no such confirmation from the Ukrainian government - the plans for the completion of the two reactors should de facto be before their final end. It can be assumed that the Ukrainian government will at some point, possibly only in the distant future, announce that the project will be discontinued.

In April 2016, the WDR published that, according to its research, the EU wants to step in as an investor and also give the project political support. The reactors are to be completed as part of a "trans-European energy supply". The electricity from one block is to be supplied exclusively to Poland. How and by which companies the Soviet reactor blocks are to be completed in this case initially remained unknown.

Data of the reactor blocks

Reactor block Reactor type net
power
gross
power
start of building Network
synchronization
Commercialization
of essential operation
switching off
processing
Khmelnytskyi-1 VVER -1000/320 950 MW 1000 MW 11/01/1981 December 31, 1987 08/13/1988 (Planned for 2018) [obsolete]
Khmelnytskyi-2 VVER-1000/320 950 MW 1000 MW 02/01/1985 08/07/2004 12/15/2005 (Planned for 2035)Template: future / in 5 years
Khmelnytskyi-3 WWER-1000 / 392B 950 MW 1000 MW 03/01/1986 (uncertain) (uncertain) Project stopped in 2015, completion unlikely
Khmelnytskyi-4 WWER-1000 / 392B 950 MW 1000 MW 02/01/1987 (uncertain) (uncertain) Project stopped in 2015 - completion unlikely

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. KhNPP - History (English)
  2. a b c Power Reactor Information System of the IAEA : "Ukraine: Nuclear Power Reactors" (English)
  3. ERBD News November 7, 2001 ( Memento of the original from July 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ebrd.com
  4. ERBD News November 29, 2001 ( Memento of the original from July 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ebrd.com
  5. https://www.greenpeace.de/sites/www.greenpeace.de/files/fs_euratom_neu.pdf
  6. ERBD News July 6, 2004 ( Memento of the original from September 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ebrd.com
  7. EBRD News July 10, 2006 ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ebrd.com
  8. Rosenergoatom Concern and Energoatom have discussed possibilities of jointly completing the construction of 3rd and 4th units of Khmelnisky NPP July 18, 2008 Rosenergoatom News  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as broken. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.rosenergoatom.ru  
  9. Ukraine scraps nuclear reactor deal with Russia September 16, 2015 UPI News (English)
  10. Energy relations between the EU and Ukraine , 25. April 2016
  11. World Nuclear News: Ukraine and Poland agree to push for integrated grids , 23. March 2015
  12. a b World Nuclear Association - Nuclear Power in Ukraine (English)