Kerygma
Kerygma (from ancient Greek κήρυγμα kérygma "announcement", "sermon"; verb κηρύσσω ) stands for the Christian sermon. The term is based on the expression from the New Testament . There the word family occurs primarily in the Pauline letters and in the Gospel according to Mark . Both authors use this word to mean preaching the gospel . The kerygma, which is intended for the whole world, consists of the "Proclamation of the Cross and Resurrection of Jesus ". However, reducing the kerygma to the transmission of formulas of belief does not go far enough. It is the "word that currently applies to its addressees [...] in which God's saving justice breaks the ground". This personal character of the kerygma is also evident in the variation “proclaiming Christ” instead of the traditional version “proclaiming the gospel” (cf. 1 Cor 1.12 EU , Phil 1.15 EU , Acts 8.5 EU ).
Systematic classification
The following elements are fundamental to the characterization of the kerygma: the origin, the transmission, the content, the form and the recipient. The origin of the kerygma is God or his saving act through Jesus Christ; This saving action is promised in the ecclesiastical transmission of the Gospel. The content is the “ self-communication of God ”, which means the incarnation of the Logos , Jesus Christ, himself. Thus the content is decisive for the form. Through the action of the Holy Spirit , the proclamation is revealed to those who accept it in faith. The form has "performative character: as a 'dangerous memory' (anamnesis) it causes the 'horizon merging' between the 'already' of salvation that has become real in Christ and the 'not yet' of personal participation in God's gift”. After all, the recipient is the one who has to give the answer to the proclamation and its relevance to one's own life. All elements are part of the dynamics of the kerygma.
The detachment of beliefs and truths from the personal level has, according to various theologians of the twentieth century, frozen in preaching. Josef Andreas Jungmann , Karl Barth , Hugo Rahner and others have therefore called for the kerygma to take precedence over dogma and theology. This postulate of proclamation in the dialogical sense is known under the catchphrase of kerygmatics or kerygmatic theology . The life relationships of the recipients in which the kerygma works have priority. The content-related aspect of the proclamation must necessarily adapt to the "different mediation in terms of time and place" in order to be effective.
In this sense, the term kerygma is also used in the Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii gaudium by Pope Francis . Primary is not a solid knowledge of faith, but the constant deepening of the kerygma, which repeats "the redeeming love of God". That is why the preacher of the message is called to live “closeness, readiness for dialogue, patience, warm approach that does not condemn”. The preaching is not only the task of the church commissioners, but of all Christians.
The kerygma at Bultmann
In Rudolf Bultmann's theology , which strives to demythologize the New Testament, the kerygmatic Jesus Christ is seen in contrast to a historical Jesus of Nazareth . The term kerygma is not used in the New Testament with this meaning.
Individual evidence
- ↑ See Michael Theobald : Kerygma I. Biblisch-theologische . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, Sp. 1406-1409 . , 1408.
- ^ A b Michael Theobald: Kerygma I. Biblical-theological . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, Sp. 1406-1409 . , 1407.
- ↑ Cf. Bruno Forte : Kerygma II. Systematic-theologically . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, Sp. 1409-1410 . , 1409.
- ↑ Bruno Forte: Kerygma II. Systematic-theological . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, Sp. 1409-1410 . , 1409.
- ↑ Cf. Bruno Forte : Kerygma II. Systematic-theologically . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, Sp. 1409-1410 . , 1410.
- ↑ See Hanspeter Heinz : Kerygma III. Practically theological . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, Sp. 1410 .
- ^ Ottmar Fuchs : Kerygmatics . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, Sp. 1411 .
- ↑ Pope Francis: Evangelii Gaudium (= pronouncements of the Apostolic See, No. 194), published by the Secretariat of the German Bishops' Conference, Bonn 2013, No. 165.
- ↑ See Ottmar Fuchs: Kerygmatik . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, Sp. 1411 .
- ↑ See Michael Theobald: Kerygma I. Biblisch-theologische . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996, Sp. 1406-1409 . , 1406.