Rotary pine grate
| Rotary pine grate | ||||||||||||
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Acidiospore bearing on a pine branch |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Melampsora populnea | ||||||||||||
| ( Pers. ) P. Karst |
The jaw rotation rust ( Melampsora populnea , Syn. : Melampsora pinitorqua ) is a pathogen of the class of rust fungi , the growth disorders at different pine species triggers.
ecology
The rust fungus causing the disease shows an obligatory change of host . While the pines act as haplont hosts, poplars ( white poplar , quaking aspen and gray poplar ) serve as dikaryote hosts , which is why the fungus was given the valid scientific name Melampsora populnea instead of M. pinitorqua .
On the fall foliage of poplars, basidiospores are formed in spring, which infect the pines. Here they cause the typical deformations and growth disorders on the shoots in which the fungus grows intercellularly. First yellow spots form on the infected areas, in the area of which first spermogonia, then yellow-orange, peridial aecidia are formed.
At the affected area, of course, the stretching of the shoot is also interrupted or at least severely inhibited, with the result that the shoot bends downwards. Due to negative geotropic behavior, the tip of the shoot straightens up again and therefore causes the typical S-shaped curvature.
The spores formed in the aecidia infect the intermediate host (dikaryote host). Numerous small yellow spots appear on the underside of the poplar leaves, in the area of which there are yellowish, dusty spore beds from July onwards. These are the summer spores ( uredospores ), which are used to spread disease. In autumn, dark brown pustules form on the affected leaves, the winter spore beds with the teleutospores. The latter overwinter and are the starting point for the basidiospores, which again infect young shoots of pine trees. The poplars are not seriously damaged, but premature leaf fall can occur. The Scots pine is attacked as the main host, but also mountain pine , black pine and Weymouth pine .
activities
Due to the obligatory change of host, the disease is avoided by removing the intermediate host ( white poplars ) in a radius of approx. 500 m.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Index Species Fungorum ( Memento of the original dated November 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Pine - Pinus sylvestris L., Rotary Pine Grate - Melampsora pinitorqua ( Memento of the original from November 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the TU Munich
literature
- Heinz Butin : Diseases of the forest and park trees . Georg Thieme Verlag, 1983, ISBN 3-13-639002-4
