Clover elms

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Clover elms
Ptelea trifoliata

Ptelea trifoliata

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Rosids
Eurosiden II
Order : Sapindales (Sapindales)
Family : Rhombus family (Rutaceae)
Genre : Clover elms
Scientific name
Ptelea
L.
Leaves and fruits of Ptelea trifoliata
Flowers of Ptelea trifoliata

The clover elms or leather bushes ( Ptelea ) are a genus of bushes and trees from the diamond family (Rutaceae).

description

The clover elms are deciduous, aromatic shrubs or trees with bitter-tasting bark and bare, dark red-brown branches. The buds become about 1 millimeter wide. They are silvery hairy and sunken. The leaf scars show three traces of vascular bundles . Terminal buds are missing. The leaves are alternate. They are stalked and usually tripartite. The leaflets are completely or slightly toothed. They are dotted translucent. The leaves turn golden yellow in autumn. They contain oil glands, which means that the leaves smell aromatic when rubbed. Clover elms are polygamous . The flowers are greenish white, small and inconspicuous. They are in terminal panicles on short side branches. The calyx is short and shows four to five overlapping tips. The four to five also overlapping petals are significantly longer than the sepals. The four to five stamens are shorter than the petals. The ovary is zweifächrig, the stylus short. The fruits are flattened, more or less round, 2 to 2.5 centimeters wide, broadly winged, two-seeded nuts .

distribution

The distribution area of ​​the genus extends over North America and Mexico. Ptelea trifoliata is cultivated in Europe and the species has been naturalized in parts of Oceania . The representatives of the genus prefer shady locations on moist, permeable soils.

Systematics

The genus of ptelea ( Ptelea ) is in the family of the Rutaceae assigned (Rutaceae) of the subfamily Toddalioideae. The name Ptelea was given to the genus by Linnaeus and is derived from the Greek Ptelea for field elm . The reason for the choice of name are the elm-like fruits of the genus.

Ten to eleven species are assigned to the clover elm, including:

  • Ptelea aptera Parry : It occurs in northern Mexico.
  • Ptelea crenulata Greene : It occurs in California.
  • Ptelea trifoliata L .: It occurs in five subspecies in Canada, the United States and Mexico.

use

Species of the genus are planted as group or hedge shrubs. The strongly fragrant fruits of Ptelea trifoliata were also used as a hop substitute.

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literature

  • Andreas Roloff, Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use . 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , pp. 487-488 .
  • Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica Trees & Shrubs . Tandem Verlag GmbH, 2006, ISBN 3-8331-2003-7 , p. 698 .
  • Peter Schütt , Hans Joachim Schuck, Bernd Stimm (eds.): Lexicon of tree and shrub species. The standard work of forest botany. Morphology, pathology, ecology and systematics of important tree and shrub species . Nikol, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-933203-53-8 , pp. 415 (reprinted 1992).
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , p. 515 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Roloff et al .: Flora of the Woods , p. 487
  2. ↑ a b Cheers: Botanica Trees & Bushes , p. 698
  3. ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 488
  4. ↑ a b c Schütt et al .: Lexicon of Tree and Shrub Species, p. 415
  5. ↑ a b c d Ptelea. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed June 11, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 515

Web links

Commons : Kleeulmen ( Ptelea )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files