Kleiner Kulm (Upper Palatinate)

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The Kleine Kulm to the right of the Rauhen Kulm
The village with Kleines Kulm

The Kleine Kulm is a mountain in the Upper Palatinate municipality of Neustadt am Kulm in the district of Neustadt an der Waldnaab in Bavaria .

The Tertiary volcanic vent consists of basalt rock covered with tuff . It is located near the Rauhen Kulm and the Kühhübel , which are also of volcanic origin. Its natural shape is no longer preserved, as the basalt was mostly mined as a building material, only the tuff coat remains. The age of the Kleiner Kulm is about 22 million years, the height 563  m above sea level. NHN .

The town of Neustadt am Kulm is located between the Kleiner Kulm and the Rauhen Kulm, which is reflected in their city arms. Kulm generally means a hill or a mountain in the Slavic languages . In the vernacular, the name Bad Kulm is used synonymously for the Little Kulm.

A detailed description of its historical significance and the settlement of the Kulme before the city was founded is provided by the

Woodcut from 1554 with the castle on the Kleiner Kulm

In the Middle Ages there were castles on both mountains: The Rauhenkulm castle stables on the Rauhen Kulm and the Schlechtenkulm stables on the Kleiner Kulm. When Neustadt was set on fire in 1462 during the Prince's War, its citizens fled to the castle on the Kleiner Kulm, which remained unscathed.

Rock formation
Crater-like incision

In memory of his origins in the northern Upper Palatinate, the historian, geographer, theologian and professor Georg Horn formulated in his work Orbis Politicus in 1668 about the Rauhen Kulm : “In the center of Germany he stands, towering over all mountains far and wide, a kind of wonder of the world "And continues with reference to the Kleiner Kulm and the Rauhen Kulm that they" only find their equals in Arabia, in Sinai and Horeb ".

The volcanic vent is designated as a valuable geotope and natural monument by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment .

Since 2010, the fruit and horticultural association has been organizing the “ Almabtrieb ” of the goats from the Kleiner Kulm every October . While the first cattle drive attracted around 100 visitors in 2010, over 1500 people flocked to the city in 2017. Not least because of its uniqueness in the area, the cattle drive developed into an event for the entire region with numerous stalls on the market square of Kulmstadt. The spectacle was also accompanied by a television team from Bayerischer Rundfunk in 2012.

Web links

Commons : Kleiner Kulm  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. ↑ Strunz, H .: The basalts of the Upper Palatinate and their minerals. In: The opening. Special volume 26 (Upper Palatinate), 1975, pp. 329–342.
  3. ^ Hans Losert: Archaeological investigations on the Rauhen Kulm in the Flednitz 2006/2007. In: Michael Neubauer (Ed.): Kemnath 1000 years… and more. Bodner, Pressath 2008, pp. 65-87.
  4. ↑ Hellmut Kunstmann : The castles of eastern Franconian Switzerland (= representations from Franconian history. Vol. 20). Schöningh, Würzburg 1965.
  5. ^ Georg Horn: Georgi Horni orbis politicus imperiorum, regnorum, principatuum rerumpublicarum. Arnst, Frankfurt 1668.
  6. ↑ Kleiner Kulm, geotope number: 374R002. Geotope register Bavaria, Bavarian State Office for the Environment , as of April 21, 2014 (PDF).
  7. ↑ Almabtrieb in Neustadt am Kulm: Nothing to complain about. Onetz , October 2, 2017, accessed November 12, 2017

Coordinates: 49 ° 49 ′ 36.5 ″  N , 11 ° 49 ′ 55.6 ″  E