Burgstall Rauhenkulm

Burgstall Rauhenkulm
Remains of the tower foundation
Creation time :	before 1281
Castle type :	Hilltop castle
Conservation status:	Burgstall
Place:	Neustadt am Kulm
Geographical location	49 ° 49 ′ 42.5 ″  N , 11 ° 51 ′ 0 ″  E Coordinates: 49 ° 49 ′ 42.5 ″  N , 11 ° 51 ′ 0 ″  E

Rauher Kulm Fortress on the Göppermannsbühl map from 1531

Siege of the two castles near Neustadt am Kulm in 1554

The Postal Rauhenkulm is an Outbound hilltop castle on the Rough Kulm in Neustadt am Kulm in Neustadt an der Waldnaab in Bavaria .

history

There are no reliable sources about the origin of the high medieval castle . The foundation deed of the Michelfeld Benedictine monastery from 1119 shows that the Leutenberg Bucco de Culmen had a residence on one of the two Kulme. He would be the first scientifically proven lord of the castle. However, it is unclear whether the Rauhe Kulm or the Kleine Kulm is meant. It is conceivable but unlikely that it was a building in the village of Kulmain . During excavations, shards, arrowheads, crosses and coins from this period were brought to light. According to Losert, the construction of the Rauher Kulm ramparts was part of the strategy of Emperor Otto I the Great , who wanted to contain the looming danger from the Hungarians. When the castle was built around 950, sandstone, half-timbering and bricks were used. In addition to its military use, the castle was also inhabited by women and children, as evidenced by various finds, including several spindle whorls , a weaving sword and a large iron knife. Spinning wool was typical women's work.

Burgrave Friedrich III. von Nürnberg acquired the castle including the places belonging to it from the Landgraves von Leuchtenberg in 1281 . The former tower was part of the margravial signaling system, regulated e.g. B. in the maintenance order of 1498 . During the Second Margrave War under Margrave Albrecht Alcibiades , the castle and Schlechtenkulm Castle on the Kleiner Kulm were destroyed in 1554. Before the destruction, both castles were besieged for about a year by troops from the imperial city of Nuremberg, Bamberg, Würzburg and Bavaria under the leadership of the electoral district judge Hans Umseher von Waldeck, and the residents were starved to death. The fortress commander von Heydenab handed over the fortress at Rauhen Kulm on June 28, 1554. Then it was blown up with screws, the triple walls were razed and destroyed. For the reinforcement of the city walls of the city of Neustadt, stones from the medieval walls of both castles were later used.

Only traces of the terrain are visible from the Rauhenkulm castle stable. Remains of the surrounding wall and the location of the tower in the immediate vicinity of today's observation tower can be seen. The cartographer Johann Christoph Stierlein made the first very precise topographical map of the mountain with the ruins.

See also

The

→ Main article : History of the city of Neustadt am Kulm

literature

• Hans Vollet, Kathrin Heckel: The ruins drawings of the Plassenburg cartographer Johann Christoph Stierlein. The drawings from the collections of the Bavarian State Library in Munich. (Catalog for the exhibition of the Obermain Landscape Museum on the Plassenburg ob Kulmbach from March 25 to April 24, 1987), Kulmbach 1987.

Web links

Commons : Burgstall Rauhenkulm  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Hans Losert : Excavations on the Rauhen Kulm 2006/2007 (online)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Rauher Kulm: Exciting hunt for the evidence. North Bavarian Courier from August 5, 2010.
2. ↑ Archaeologists conquer the castle. Onetz, August 30, 2010, accessed September 25, 2010.
3. ↑ When broken pieces bring joy. Onetz, August 23, 2010, accessed September 20, 2010.
4. ^ Johann Nicolaus Apel : The rough Kulm and its surroundings together with a history and topography of Neustadt an den Kulmen in the Main district. Bayreuth 1811.