Dießfurt Castle

Dießfurt Castle (2017)

The listed Dießfurt Castle is located in the district of Dießfurt of the same name in the Upper Palatinate town of Pressath in the Neustadt an der Waldnaab district of Bavaria (Schloßstraße 11 and 13). The castle in Dießfurt was a hammer lock , the iron hammer being driven by the water of the Haidenaab .

history

With the Eisenwerk Dießfurt the Marquart der Zollhosen was enfeoffed on October 23, 1346 by the Amberger Vitztum Reinhard von Sickingen . In 1387 the Amberg citizen Chunrad Wolzenhofer had the hammer in his hands. In 1468 Sebald Kress bought it from his father-in-law Heinrich Löhneisen .

The three iron hammers Troschelhammer , Dießfurt and Pechhof near Pressath formed a coherent estate unit after the middle of the 15th century. The owner at that time, Sebald Kreß, came from an important Nuremberg merchant and patrician family; during the reign of Elector Friedrich the Victorious , Kreß was accepted as the Upper Palatinate Landsasse . By Pfalzgraf Philipp and his son was Hans Kress recognized on September 29, 1495 as a land mass. In 1518 the brothers Joachim , Sebald and Hans Kreß are mentioned here. In the Landsassen register of 1545 and 1548 Joachim Kreß is shown as the sole owner of Dießfurt, Pechhof, Troschelhammer, Troglau and Gerbersdorf. He was followed by his daughter Margarete , née Kreß, who was married to Christoph von Zedtwitz ; the fiefdom of Elector Ottheinrich was issued on October 1, 1556 for Christoph von Zedtwitz . In 1571, after his death, the surviving sons Joachim and Christoph Heinrich von Zedtwitz agreed with their mother to share property. Dießfurt and Pechhof came to Christoph Heinrich and Troschelhammer to Joachim von Zedtwitz .

In 1576 Christoph Heinrich sold the two goods to his brother-in-law Hans Wild von Wildenreuth . His son Hans Neidhard Wild was then heir to Dießfurt and Pechhof, he was called to the state parliament in 1604 and 1609 († on September 13, 1611). The heavily indebted property was only acquired by Hans von Podewils on December 21, 1616 from Hans Wild's creditors . Since he was not Catholic, in the course of the Counter-Reformation the exercise of lower jurisdiction was withdrawn from him and this was given to the Waldeck-Kemnath office. He had also acquired the Troschelhammer estate from Wolf Dietrich von Zedtwitz . However, he was expelled from the country because of his religion. He was followed by his son Erdmann Ernst von Podewils , who also owned Dießfurt, Pechhof and Troschelhammer; he was also not allowed to stay in the country because of his religion. Even after the Thirty Years' War , Erdmann Ernst von Podewils was formally listed as a Landsasse. Veit Christoph von Podewils is registered here in 1674 and Ulrich Christoph von Podewils in 1693/94 . Veit Christoph's widow , Rebekka Christophora, née von Hirschberg , sold the knightly and hammer estates he had taken over in Dießfurt and Pechhof in 1701 to her youngest son, Christoph Erdmann von Podewils , electoral treasurer and sergeant-major. In 1712 he was compared with his three sisters, who in 1715 and 1717 sold their shares in Pechhof to their brother-in-law Georg Ernst von Reiss .

The latter wanted to sell his share in Pechhof to Johann Friedrich von Eberts in 1732 , but this was rejected by the electoral government in Amberg , as the two hammer estates "had previously been together as one corpus" and were to be reunited to form an estate district. Nevertheless, Johann Friedrich von Eberts still owned three parts of Pechhof and on August 1, 1737 also acquired the fourth part from Eva Christina von Schaidau, née von Podewils . His application to be admitted to compulsory compulsory Landsassen with the whole of Gut Pechhof was not approved. In the meantime, Christoph von Podewils transferred the Hammergut Dießfurt to his son Christoph Erdmann on August 31, 1739 . He died in 1775, his heirs handed over the property to the widow Maria Anna von Podewils, née von Schönstett , who had the compulsory Landsassen cease on November 28, 1757 by a representative. On May 12, 1762, she sold the country estate to Joseph von Heldmann , who in 1774 was also able to acquire the Pechhof estate from the widow of Friedrich von Eberts . Joseph von Heldmann had only been ennobled by Elector Maximilian Josef and was allowed to drop the compulsory Landsassen on May 18, 1774. However, the sovereignty did not recognize him as a resident, but he remained in possession of the estate until his death († 1806). His son Ignaz von Heldmann wanted to give up the compulsory compulsory Landsassen, thereby various deficiencies in the earlier handovers were discovered in a legal process.

On February 1, 1808, therefore, the freedom of the landed people was withdrawn from Dießfurt and Pechhof. In the course of further development, the Pressath sub-office came to the Eschenbach district court in 1841, to the Erbendorf district court in March 1849 and to the Neustadt an der Waldnaab district in 1972 .

Dießfurt Castle today

Before the Thirty Years' War, Dießfurt Castle was provided with a walled moat, and a brewery and beer bar were also part of the estate.

Today there is a two-part system, the so-called "Old Castle" and the "New Castle". Both are surrounded by a castle wall to the west and south. At the driveway there is a gate pillar with an obelisk crown from the 17th or 18th century. An embankment wall separates the property to the west, the ashlar and quarry stone masonry dates from the 16th or 17th century. In addition, existing ponds are the likely remains of a moat.

The "Old Castle" is a late Gothic , three-storey residential tower with a tracery corner bay window with loopholes and the year 1526. The mansard hipped roof construction dates from the second half of the 18th century.

The yellow “New Castle” also has a hipped mansard roof , as well as some dormers . It has white plaster structures and drilled window frames. In essence, it dates from the 16th century, a stone tablet with the year 1544 indicates it. The entrance is formed by a segment arch portal. The building was expanded in the second half of the 18th century. A single-storey round tower with a conical roof , which dates from the 16th century, adjoins the building ; around 1800 a chapel was established in it.

The castle is privately owned and is not open to the public.

literature

• Hans Gleissner: Historical development of the hammer locks in the Upper Palatinate using the example of the hammer lock Dißfurt. Die Oberpfalz , 2018, 106th year, pp. 45–49.
• Heribert Sturm: Kemnath. District judge Waldeck-Kemnath with sub-office Pressath . (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Altbayern issue 40). Commission for Bavarian State History, Verlag Michael Lassleben, Munich 1975, ISBN 3-7696-9902-5 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Pressath List of Monuments
2. ^ Franz Michael Ress (1960): Buildings, monuments and foundations of German ironworkers (written on behalf of the Association of German Ironworkers ). Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldorf, p. 116.

Web links

• Aerial view of Dießfurt

Coordinates: 49 ° 44 ′ 0.1 ″  N , 11 ° 58 ′ 20.3 ″  E