Hördt Monastery
The Hördt monastery was an Augustinian canon - monastery with the rank of a provost and was located on the monastery mountain in Hördt , in today's district of Germersheim in Rhineland-Palatinate . It was the religious center of this area for more than half a millennium and is considered the richest knight monastery in the then Electoral Palatinate . It belonged to the reform network of the Marbach Abbey (Upper Alsace).
Founding of a monastery
In February 1103 the nobleman Herimannus built a wealthy monastery on his estate in Herthi , which was consecrated to Mary, the Mother of God. Emperor Heinrich IV as well as Johannes I Bishop of Speyer and other nobles in Speyer are named as witnesses . The village church of St. Georg already existed before that .
Foundations and donations
Around 1140, Burchard, a canon at the St. Guido monastery in Speyer , had a church and hospital consecrated to St. Egidius built on his and his mother's property in the Speyer suburbs . He transferred this foundation to the Hördt Canons' Monastery in 1148 after the death of his mother. The Speyer Bishop Günther von Henneberg witnessed the donation . It soon became one of the Speyer parish churches; the Hördt monastery occupied them with its own clergy or employed them there. The Aegidienkirche in Speyer remained in its possession until the abbey was abolished.
Visits by Hildegard von Bingen are recorded for 1171 .
On August 25, 1278, Bishop Friedrich von Bolanden in the Diocese of Speyer approved a collection of money in favor of the burned down Church of Our Lady in Herde and granted indulgences for all donors on condition of an additional confession .
Peasants' War and Thirty Years War
Due to the frequent and heavy compulsory labor for the monastery, extreme differences in ownership as well as very high taxes and levies, there was also a riot against the Hördt monastery during the Palatinate Peasants' War in 1525. The buildings were sacked by the dissatisfied farmers and craftsmen and the monks were mistreated. Provost Florence Schliederer von Lachen died. The uprising was put down, and social conditions hardly improved. The heyday of the monastery was also over.
From 1637 Petrus Krane was the last provost of the Augustinian monastery in Hördt. During the turmoil of the Thirty Years War, he was driven out by force on the orders of the Prince Bishop and French soldiers. The monastery was secularized and became the property of the Electoral Palatinate with its benefices.
After secularization
From 1556 to 1660, the members and subjects of the monastery changed nine times between Catholic, Lutheran and Calvinist denominations.
During the times of the Mainz Republic , the monastery foundation was dissolved and the large holdings of the monastery were auctioned by the French nation. After the Rhine district came to Bavaria in 1816 , the large monastery forest became a state forest. Most of the monastery properties were taken over by non-residents. The monastery, garden, Propstei, Augustiner and Spiegelbergstraße as well as Propst-Krane-Platz and Herimannusweg are reminiscent of the monastery village with their names. There is also a statue of St. Johannes Nepomuk . A 15 m long and 2.50 m high piece of the monastery wall has been preserved, everything else is no longer there, as it was auctioned after the French Revolution.
Individual evidence
- ^ SPD local association Hördt: Home - SPD local association Hördt. Retrieved April 16, 2019 .
- ↑ Jakob Baumann : History of the St. Aegidien Church and the Capuchin Convent in the free imperial city Speier , Speyer, Jägerscher Verlag, 1918, pp. 1-5
- ^ Franz Xaver Glasschröder : New documents on Palatinate church history in the Middle Ages (= publications of the Palatinate Society for the Promotion of Science in Speyer. Vol. 14, ISSN 0480-2357 ). Publishing house of the Palatinate Society for the Advancement of Science, Speyer 1930, p. 4, document regist No. 7 .
- ↑ Max Frey sen., Thorsten Verlohner: Hördt's story ( memento from November 19, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Hördt Monastery | "Mei Büchle". Accessed April 16, 2019 (German).