La Chalade Monastery
| Cistercian Abbey of La Chalade | |
|---|---|
| location | France region Grand Est Meuse department |
| Coordinates: | 49 ° 9 '54 " N , 4 ° 57' 33" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
30th |
| Patronage | St. Mary |
| founding year | 1127 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1790 |
| Mother monastery | Trois-Fontaines Monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Clairvaux Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
|
The monastery of La Chalade (Lachalade) is a former Cistercian abbey in the town Lachalade in the Meuse region Grand Est in France . It is located around 13 km northwest of Clermont-en-Argonne in the Argonne Forest , on the Biesme River .
history
The monastery was founded around 1120 by the brothers Robert and Ricuin, who were Benedictine monks in the Saint-Vanne monastery in Verdun . At the request of Ricuin, the affiliation to the Cistercian order took place as a subsidiary of the Trois-Fontaines monastery in 1127 . So it belonged to the filiation of the Clairvaux Primary Abbey . The monastery flourished until the 15th century and at times counted up to 100 (according to other sources 300) monks, and it received extensive foundations, mainly on French territory. A Romanesque church was consecrated in 1136. The monastery built brickworks and glassworks in the surrounding forests. The daughter monastery Chéry was founded in 1147 . A new Gothic church building begun at the turn of the 14th century was completed around 1340. In 1583 the monastery fell in the coming period . In 1637 it had to take over strict observance. In the late 17th century the monastery buildings were renewed. The chapter house became the refectory and the dormitory became single cells. The arcades on the south side of the cloister were rebuilt in the 18th century. The monastery came to an end in 1790 during the French Revolution. In 1792 it was sold as a national good. In 1838 the church is said to have been in ruin, but it was restored until 1869. In 1862 a large rose window from the Saint-Vanne church in Verdun was installed in the west facade. Since this year the church has also been registered as a monument historique . In the two world wars, the monastery, near which the front ran during World War I, suffered considerable damage; the windows were lost from 1914 to 1918, while part of the vaults collapsed during a German air raid in 1940. The restoration lasted until 1968.
Buildings and plant
The Gothic church in good proportions and solid construction (Volkelt / van Hees) was planned in the form of a Latin cross , but was either not completely built or it has subsequently lost most of the nave and the aisles. There is the pentagonal choir with large tracery windows and buttresses, the 34 m wide, two-aisled transept with two side chapels in the east and the first nave yoke, which is closed to the west by a wall with a rosette in flamboyant (not originally). The light-filled interior is kept in the typical Cistercian Gothic style of the 14th century. Bundled wall services can be found in the aisles. The side chapels are open towards the transept, the inner chapels also open to the choir. Above the crossing vault there was a roof turret that was probably lost in the 19th century. In the south transept there was a rosette on the front wall, which was added when the abbey building was raised. Remnants of the 14th century glazing and floor tiles are preserved, as well as three engraved grave slabs from knight graves. From the enclosure, the east and south wings from the 17th century are made of brick and stone in the style of Louis XIII. that include the cloister.
Abbots
See article List of Abbots of La Chalade
literature
- Gilbert Destrez: La Chalade, une église d'Argonne. In: Dossiers d'Archéologie. No. 234, 1998, ISSN 1141-7137 , pp. 34-35.
- Bernard Peugniez: Routier cistercien. Abbayes et sites. France, Belgique, Luxembourg, Suisse. Nouvelle édition augmentée. Éditions Gaud, Moisenay 2001, ISBN 2-84080-044-6 , pp. 230-231.
- Jean-Pierre Ravaux: L'abbaye de La Chalade. In: Horizons d'Argonne. No. 64/65, 1992, ISSN 0441-2303 , pp. 9-108.
- Manfred Wundram (Ed.): Reclam's Art Guide France. Volume 3: Peter Volkelt , Horst van Hees: Lorraine, Ardennes, Eastern Champagne. Art monuments and museums (= Reclams Universal Library 10319). Reclam, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-15-010319-3 , pp. 193-194.