São Pedro de Rates Monastery
Coordinates: 41 ° 25 ′ 24.1 " N , 8 ° 40 ′ 20.7" W.
 
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Location of the São Pedro de Rates monastery in Portugal. |
The São Pedro de Rates monastery ( Portuguese Mosteiro de Rates ) is a former Benedictine abbey in the parish of the same name ( Freguesia ) São Pedro de Rates in the district ( concelho ) Póvoa de Varzim , in the district of Porto , in northern Portugal .
From the former monastery today only the named saint is São Pedro de Rates consecrated Romanesque church Igreja de São Pedro de Rates , also known as de Igreja Romanica Council known to receive.
Due to its art-historical importance as the "nucleus" of the Portuguese Romanesque and its historical importance for the emerging Kingdom of Portugal , the church was registered and protected as a Monumento Nacional as early as 1910 .
history
The history of the monastery is closely linked to the legend of Saint Peter of Council , the first bishop of Braga . In the 9th century a fisherman is said to have found the bones of the saint, who died a martyr , on the site of the later monastery .
Archaeological excavations in and around the church in recent years suggest a pre-Romanesque church building with narthex , which in turn goes back to a previous building from the Suebi - Visigothic period. The oldest find of the excavations is a Roman stele , which was reworked with Christian motifs in the 6th or 7th century.
The current Romanesque church goes back to the re-establishment of the monastery around 1100 by Henry of Burgundy . The monastery initially gained some importance under the leadership of the Benedictines , but fell into disrepair in the high Middle Ages. With the transfer of the monastery to the Order of Christ in 1515 , it regained its importance and remained with the order until the monastery was dissolved in 1836.
Today the monastery church is an important stage on the Portuguese Way of St. James , the Caminho Português .
church
The current church building probably dates from the first quarter of the 12th century.
The three-aisled building with transverse arms, apse and two side apses forms a Latin cross in plan. Irregularities in the size of the aisles and the distance between the columns suggest that the original construction plan had to be changed in the course of the work.
The main portal is framed by five archivolts resting on columns with ornate capitals . The tympanum shows the figure of Christ Pantocrator surrounded by a nimbus , which is flanked on both sides by other people. Under the feet of the representation of Christ, two more people who are commonly associated with the apostles Judas and Arius .
The archivolts are decorated with further representations of apostles and angels , the capitals show mythical animals, human figures and masks,
The southern portal , also decorated with archivolts and columns, shows the representation of Agnus Dei in the tympanum .
literature
- Manuel Monteiro, São Pedro de Rates. Com uma introdução acerca da architectura romanica em Portugal , Porto, 1908.
- Carlos Alberto Ferreira de Almeida, A Igreja Românica de de Rates (Póvoa de Varzim) , Povoa de Varzim, XVI / 1 (1975), pp. 5-20.
- José Manuel Flores Gomes u. Deolinda Maria Veloso Carneiro, Escavações arqueológicas na area envolvente à Igreja de São Pedro de Rates. 1997-1998 , Boletim Cultural, vol. XXXVIII, Póvoa do Varzim, 2003, pp.205-292.
- further reading under Patrimonio Cultural sv Bibliografia.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Monumentos. Retrieved December 9, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c Património Cultural. Retrieved December 6, 2017 (Portuguese).
- ↑ a b Guia do Visitante. Retrieved December 9, 2017 (Portuguese).
- ↑ IHRU. Retrieved December 9, 2017 (Portuguese).
