Convent of the Carmelites in the suburb of Saint-Jacques
Coordinates: 48 ° 50 ′ 28.7 " N , 2 ° 20 ′ 23.6" E
| Convent of the Carmelites of Faubourg Saint-Jacques Carmel de l'Incarnation |
|
|---|---|
| location | |
| founding | 1603 |
| country | France |
| Region (hist.) | Île-de-France |
| Arrondissement | 5. |
| local community | Paris |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 50'29 N 2 ° 20'24 O |
| resolution | 1797 ( French Revolution ) |
The convent of the Carmelites from the suburb of Saint-Jacques (Paris) ( French Carmelites du faubourg Saint-Jacques, called Carmel de l'Incarnation ) is the first convent of the Discalced Carmelites in Paris . It was founded on Rue Saint-Jacques in 1603 and became the motherhouse of that order for France. Above all, nuns from the noble class felt addressed. It was closed in the French Revolution and destroyed in 1797.
location
The monastery is located opposite the Val-de-Grâce building complex at today's 284 Rue Saint-Jacques , partly on the site of the Lycée Lavoisier to Rue Henri-Barbusse , then Rue d'Enfer .
history
In 1084 the monastery of Marmoutier was given the ownership of a church by the lay princes, which stood on this site and which then became the priory of Notre-Dame-des-Champs. In 1604, Catherine d'Orléans, Duchess of Longueville, decided to found a Carmelite monastery in France based on the Reformed model of Teresa of Ávila . She received ownership of this area from Cardinal François de Joyeuse . Barbe Acarie and her cousin Pierre de Bérulle intervened with the Pope and managed to convince the General of the Carmelites in Spain to send six nuns to France. King Henry IV hesitated at first, but finally gave in and allowed the Guise family to establish a new Catholic order in a kingdom that was still licking the wounds of the wars of religion . The nuns arrived in Paris on October 17, 1604. Among them were Anne de Jésus and Anne de Saint-Barthélemy , who were the first prioresses.
In 1617, with financial support from the Duchess of Longueville and the Duke (her son), a branch was established on Rue Chapon . The church was consecrated in 1625. From 1605 to 1668, more than 62 Carmelite monasteries were founded in France on the basis of the Theresian reform.
Like Charles Le Brun , Philippe de Champaigne , who had served the royal family since 1628, was responsible for decorating the monastery, which was one of Marie de Médicis' favorite places .
Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet gave some of the most remarkable fasting sermons here .
In 1676, the Carmelites incarnated Louise de La Vallière , the first favorite of King Louis XIV. Soon another disgraced favorite came along, Madame de Montespan . Other representatives of the high nobility went to this monastery during the Great Century to repent here or they built residences in the area, such as Anna of Bavaria , Princess of the Palatinate , the Marshaless of Humière, the Duchess of Guise. Their bodies or sometimes only their hearts are buried in the cemetery, like that of Anna Maria Martinozzi , Princess of Conti.
The Carmelite congregations were dissolved during the revolution in 1790. The area of the monastery was divided by the routes of the Rue du Val-de-Grâce and the Rue Pierre-Nicole . After some of the buildings had been refurbished since 1800, the community settled in Clamart in 1920 . After the destruction of the church, several paintings by Philippe de Champaigne, which could have been part of the original furnishings, were kept in museums: Présentation in the Temple protestant de Dijon , Résurrection de Lazare in the Musée de Grenoble , Assomption de la Vierge in the Louvre .
literature
Jean-Baptiste Eriau: L'ancien Carmel du Faubourg Saint-Jacques (1604–1792). 1928.
Individual evidence
- ↑ COUVENT DES CARMÉLITES DE LA RUE SAINT-JACQUES (PARIS) (disparu)
- ↑ Drawing: Couvent des Carmélites, rue Saint-Jacques
- ↑ Griffe Elie, Jean-Baptiste Eriau. L'ancien Carmel du faubourg Saint-Jacques (1604–1792) , Revue d'histoire de l'Église de France, Volume 15, N. 69, 1928, ( read (French) )
- ↑ veue de l'Église des Carmelites du Faubourg Saint Jacques.
- ↑ Fr. Antoine-Marie, Extension du Carmel réformé en Europe , Le Carmel en France, 2017, to be read (French)
- ^ Félix et Louis Lazare, Dictionnaire administratif et historique des rues de Paris et de ses monuments , Paris, F. Lazare, 1844–1849, p. 123
- ↑ Carmel de l'Incarnation (Clamart, Hauts-de-Seine)