Kolgrafafjörður
| Kolgrafafjörður | ||
|---|---|---|
 The bridge over the Kolgrafafjörður |
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| Waters | Greenland Sea | |
| Land mass | Iceland | |
| Geographical location | 64 ° 55 ′ 0 ″ N , 23 ° 6 ′ 0 ″ W | |
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| width | 2.8 km | |
| depth | 6.8 km | |
| Tributaries | Slýá, Austurá, Hrafná | |
The Kolgrafafjörður is a fjord in west Iceland . It is a branch of the Urtuvalafjörður fjord in Breiðafjörður .
location
The Urtuvalafjörður in Breiðafjörður divides into Kolgrafafjörður and Hraunsfjörður . It is east of the small town and fjord of the same name Grundarfjörður and west of the small town of Stykkishólmur on the north side of the Snæfellsnes peninsula .
On the west side, the fjord borders on the Framsveit peninsula, which separates it from the Grundarfjörður fjord. To the southeast lies the mountain Kolgrafamúli and to the northeast the mountain Bjarnarhafnarfjall borders the fjord.
Traffic routes
The Snæfellsnesvegur has been 
crossing the Kolgrafafjörður on a 230 m long bridge since 2004 and continues to Stykkishólmur. The dams and other construction work on the bridge appear to have led to a rapid drop in oxygen in the water. At the end of 2012, 25,000 to 30,000 tons of herrings perished due to a lack of oxygen, in February 2013 a further 10,000 tons were washed up dead. Before the dam and bridge were built, Snæfellsnesvegur had circled the entire fjord. The road is classified as the main road in Iceland and provides good transport links to the area.
In earlier times you had to z. For example, use the mule track over the steep Tröllaháls to get to Stykkishólmur and the Helgafellssveit district . To the south there were paths over the mountain range of the Helgrindur, which were difficult to walk in winter.
Volcanism of the area
The fjord borders a central volcano several million years old. The remains are the mountains Klakkur and Eyrarfjall on the Framsveit peninsula , which is why they look so colorful. The rock contains rhyolite , but also gabbro and granophyr . You can z. B. can also find semi-precious stones such as jasper .
On the other hand, there is also active volcanism in the mountains of Helgrindur with the volcanic system of Lýsuskarð . And the lava fields in the adjacent valley near Bjarnarhöfn , the famous Berserkjahraun , are part of the Ljósufjöll volcanic system , which can show several post-glacial eruptions.
Volcanism is noticeable on the peninsulas around the fjord with mineral springs . On an archipelago in the fjord itself, there is a spring visible at low tide with water at 52 ° C (see low-temperature area ).
Settlement
At the time of the conquest, the relatives of the famous Auður djúpuðgar ( Eng . Auður the profound ) settled around the fjord .
In recent years and decades, however, the farms in the interior of the Kolgrafafjörður and Hraunsfjörður fjords have been abandoned.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Brúaskrá - Brýr á þjóðvegum febrúar 2016. Accessed August 9, 2019 (Icelandic).
- ↑ Thomas Wagner-Nagy: Mass death: Millions of herrings perished in the fjord. In: Der Spiegel. February 7, 2013, accessed February 7, 2013 .