Communist Party of Sweden

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The name Communist Party of Sweden (Sveriges kommunistiska parti) is a name borne since 1921 of various communist parties in Sweden, which is still used today.

history

The Swedish Social Democratic Labor Party (Sveriges socialdemokratiska arbetareparti, SAP) is the oldest party in Sweden and was founded on April 23, 1889. The formation of trade unions in the 1880s and the founding of social democratic newspapers in Malmö in 1882 and Stockholm in 1885 by August Palm were the first important steps on the way to founding a party. At the beginning the party was strongly influenced by the German social democracy. The first party programs took over much of the Gotha program and later from the Erfurt program . The desired socialist transformation of society should take place through reforms after a democratically legitimized takeover of government through elections.

During the First World War, the internal party conflicts between the reformist party leadership and the more radical left wing of the party culminated. The Left Party was formed in 1917 by a group of socialists excluded from the Social Democratic Party under the name Sveriges socialdemokratiska vänsterparti (Swedish Social Democratic Left Party). At the IV. Party congress from 25. – 29. In March 1921 all anti-Leninist party members were expelled and the party changed its name to Sveriges kommunistiska parti (Communist Party of Sweden). Today's Vänsterpartiet (Left Party) goes back to this party, which existed until 1967 .

Further internal conflicts led to waves of exclusion from the groups around Zeth Höglund in 1924 and Karl Kilbom in 1929. Höglund founded the Communist Party of Sweden (1924). This party joined the Swedish Social Democratic Labor Party in 1926. Kilbom founded the later Socialist Party in 1929, which disbanded in 1943.

After Stalin's death and the rift between the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China , the Swedish CP experienced intense internal discussions and clashes, which ultimately led to the establishment of further communist parties. In 1967 the party changed its name to Vänsterpartiet kommunisterna (Communist Left Party).

In the course of disputes about the ideological orientation, the Communist Association of Marxists-Leninists (Kommunistiska Förbundet Marxist-Leninistern, KFML) and in 1977 the Communist Workers' Party (Arbetarpartiet Kommunisterna, APK) were founded from the environment of the Vänsterpartiet kommunisterna. The latter has been using the traditional name Sveriges kommunistiska parti since 1995. Another group split off from the KFML in 1970, which has also been known as the Sveriges kommunistiska parti since 2005, after having been the Communist Association of Marxist-Leninists (revolutionary) (Kommunistiska Förbundet Marxist-Leninisterna (revolutionärerna), KFML (r )) and from 1977 to 2004 Marxist-Leninist Communist Party (revolutionary) (Kommunistiska Partiet Marxist-Leninisterna (revolutionärerna), KPML (r)) was called.

Name bearer

Graphic representation of the SKP in the political history of Sweden
  • Social Democratic Left Party Sweden (Sveriges socialdemokratiska vänsterparti) , founded in May 1917 and emerged from SAP. From 1921 to 1967 the party was called the Communist Party of Sweden (Sveriges Kommunistiska Parti) , renamed Communist Left Party (Vänsterpartiet kommunisterna, VPK) in 1967 , and since 1990 under the name of the Left Party (Vänsterpartiet) . The change of name was accompanied by a change of ideological direction. In 1967, predominantly Eurocommunist- oriented forces prevailed, in 1990 predominantly forces oriented towards democratic socialism .
    • Communist Party of Sweden (1924), a split of the SKP founded in 1924 under Zeth Höglund , which joined the Swedish Social Democrats in 1926.
    • Communist Party of Sweden , also known as Kilbomarna , a party founded in 1929 also under the name of the Communist Party of Sweden, which was renamed the Socialist Party (Socialistiska partiet) in 1929 after a merger with former members of the Swedish Social Democratic Workers' Party and dissolved in 1943. The name Kilbomarna (in German roughly: Kilbom-trailer or Kilbomer) was derived from the chairman of the party Karl Kilbom.
    • Communist Association of Marxist-Leninists (Kommunistiska förbundet marxist-leninistern, KFML) , a Maoist party that called itself the Communist Party of Sweden between 1973 and 1987 and split off from the Vänsterpartiet kommunisterna in 1967.
      • Communist Party of Sweden , an anti-revisionist party that split off from KFML in 1970, is still active today and has had the traditional name since 2005.
    • Communist Party of Sweden , party that has been using the traditional name since 1995 and was previously known as the Communist Workers' Party (Arbetarpartiet Kommunisterna, APK) . It split off from the VPK in 1977 and is a member of the initiative of communist and workers' parties in Europe .

literature

  • Bernd Henningsen : The left in Sweden. History, programs, politics . In: Hans Rühle , Hans-Joachim Veen (Hrsg.): Socialist and Communist Parties in Western Europe. Publication of the social science research institute of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung . Volume 2: Nordländer (= Uni-Taschenbücher . Vol. 762). Leske + Budrich (UTB), Opladen 1979, ISBN 3-8100-0241-0 . Pp. 123-200.