Konstal 105Na
| Konstal 105Na | |
|---|---|
 Unmodernized (right) and modernized (left) 105Na in Breslau
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| Manufacturer: | Konstal Chorzów |
| Year of construction (s): | 1973-1992 |
| Length: | 13,500 mm |
| Height: | 3,060 mm |
| Width: | 2,400 mm |
| Trunnion Distance: | 1,900 mm |
| Empty mass: | 16.8 t |
| Top speed: | 72 km / h |
| Hourly output : | 4 × 41.5 kW = 166 kW |
| Motor type: | Lta-220 |
| Operating mode: | One-way vehicle |
| Seats: | 20th |
| Standing room: | 105 |
The Konstal 105Na is a Polish tram - railcar with a large capacity . It runs on all Polish tram companies with the exception of the Mrozy , Olsztyn and Gorzów Wielkopolski companies. The railcar was built for the gauges of 1435 mm and 1000 mm, in the latter version as the 805Na.
history
The 105Na is the most famous Polish tram railcar. From 1974 to 1994 the 105Na was produced in series by Konstal (today "Alstom Konstal S. A.") in Chorzów . The first series of the series was named 105N. These next series were modified, the electrics were rearranged and the driver's cab and control console improved. So the 105N got the current name 105Na.
Originally the 105Na had small windows over the entrances and around the driver's cab. These small discs were ultimately completely removed. Reasons for this were u. a. the safety aspect and that the small discs were considered superfluous. In the course of time, small modernizations were also carried out by the individual municipal companies, which were later also taken over in production. There were also many projects and prototypes for the 105Na, most of which were never carried out or were only produced in small numbers. The 105Na was produced in a number of 1443 pieces and the meter gauge version 805Na in a number of 691 pieces. The same changes were made to the 805Na as to the 105Na. The only difference between the two tram railcars is the chassis.
Modernizations
The individual municipal companies modernized and modernized the 105Na constantly. For example, new doors, driver's cabs, controls, exterior changes, operating modes, engine types or interior fittings are improved and modernized. In the end, the companies get modern trams with old designs. There are also equipment companies that have specialized in modernizing the 105Na.
Here is a list of some of these modernizations:
- 105N2 - a 105Na with three links and two joints on Jakobs bogies (a train in Posen , made up of two four-axle vehicles)
- 111N - a two-way version with doors on both sides (custom-made for Gleiwitz )
- 105NT
- Model with thyristor drive (prototype, only in small numbers)
- 105Nb
- new doors, new interior, control console and new generation drive (operates in Warsaw )
- 805Nb
- 1000mm track version of the 105Nb ( Graudenz , Łódź )
- 105Nf
- new control console, brakes, windows, interior, doors, drive and pantograph (Warsaw)
- 105Ng
- only three pairs of doors, new drive, control console, interior and pantograph ( Stettin )
- 105N1k
- three pairs of doors, thyristor drive, new interior, control console and pantograph (operated in Warsaw)
- 105N2k
- equivalent to 105Ng (in operation in Warsaw for a while also in Wroclaw )
- 105N2k 2000
- Body lifting, not very similar to the 105Na, three new pairs of doors, new controls, control panel, drive and interior (Stettin, Warsaw)
- 805N / ME
- new drive, control console and interior (only one copy, runs in Elbing )
- 105NCh
- DC motor, new drive and interior ( Danzig )
- 105NWr
- external changes, not very similar to 105Na, three new pairs of doors, new control panel, pantograph, drive and interior (only runs in Breslau, see picture above: left tram)
- 805NM
- external changes, three new pairs of doors, new controls, control console, interior, pantograph, drive a low-floor share of 25% ( Bromberg )
- 105Na "bulwa"
- exterior changes, new control panel and redesigned interior. Operates in Gdansk and Łódź under the name 805Na "bulwa" ( "bulwa" means "tuber" in Polish - the tram is so called because of its exterior)
However, there are cities where the 105Na and 805Na have only been moderately modernized and have therefore retained their model names. The modernizations mostly relate to the conversion from four to three pairs of doors with modern doors, minor modifications to the control console and engine changes. The end result is that the trams are quieter in operation and are closer to current standards.
control
It is controlled by two pedals under the control console. While the right pedal is responsible for acceleration, the left is responsible for braking. In addition to the two control pedals, there is also another pedal, the emergency brake. Pressing the emergency brake activates the drum brakes , working brakes and the external bell. In some modernized 105Na lifts, the controls have been converted from pedal to manual controls (105Nk2000, 805NM) and the emergency brake pedal has not been removed.
business
The 105Na and the modernized railways mostly operate in double traction , sometimes individually. Initially, three 105Na railcars were coupled together to form a tram. This system is rarely used because of the frequent accidents at bus stops, only on special occasions. In Krakow, however, line 4 is operated on a weekly basis with trains consisting of three cars.
