Gorzów Wielkopolski tram
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| Basic information | |
| Country | Poland |
| city | Gorzów Wielkopolski |
| opening | 1899 |
| operator | MZK Gorzów |
| Infrastructure | |
| Route length | 13 km |
| Gauge | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| business | |
| Lines | 3 |
| Line length | 26 km |
| vehicles | 4 Konstal 105Na 11 Düwag 6xGTW 2 Konstal N 14 Pesa Twist |
| statistics | |
| Mileage | 1.21 million km per year |
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The Gorzów Wielkopolski tram has been serving inner-city traffic in the Polish city of Gorzów Wielkopolski (German: Landsberg an der Warthe ) since 1899 .
Emergence
Gorzow Wielkopolski once belonged to the Prussian Neumark and today is the largest city of Lebus Province and the seat of the employed by the Polish central government for Lebus Wojwoden . It is located in the western part of Poland on the Warthe River , around 80 km northeast of Frankfurt (Oder) and 130 km northwest of Posen .
When the city had about 35,000 inhabitants at the end of the 19th century, the city tried to find a modern means of transport. The Helios Elektricitäts-AG from Cologne on the Rhine founded the Elektrizitätswerk und Strassenbahn Landsberg AG on June 16, 1900 . This took over the electric tram opened on July 29, 1899 by the city of Landsberg.
The first line, built in standard gauge , led from the state train station via the market square to the barracks in the north of the city with a short branch to the Zanziner facilities. From July 7, 1904, the second route connected the market square with the Hopfenbruch in the east.
More than a million passengers were carried for the first time in the 1911 financial year. In 1914 the rail network was 6.6 kilometers long and was used by twelve railcars and two sidecars.
The period of inflation after the First World War forced the company, which had not belonged to the Helios Group since 1912, to cease operations in 1921; only in 1924 could he be resumed. There were two smaller new lines, one from the market square to the canal bridge in the south and the other from the corner of Bahnhofstrasse to Friedrichstadt in the west. The cross-shaped route network was 8.1 kilometers long.
Two lines were served in the 1930s:
- Friedrichstadt - Market Square - Hops Broken
- Canal bridge - market square - barracks / Zanziner plants
From the station there were only individual journeys to the market square after arriving Reichsbahn trains. The statistics for the 1939 financial year show 15 railcars and three sidecars. These covered a total of 517,000 vehicle kilometers. The number of people carried was two million. There were also three buses that ran on two lines with a total length of six kilometers. The bus service was opened on January 23, 1937.
Change to trolleybus operation
Because the city continued to need efficient public transport, but the renewal of the tram seemed impossible under the circumstances at the time (Nazi armaments policy and the resulting savings in steel, including for rails), the company decided in 1941 to introduce electric trolleybuses . The conversion of the overhead line systems began in 1942 and was completed in June 1943. However, the hesitant delivery of the ordered vehicles only allowed trolleybus traffic to begin gradually. This began in July 1943 with the eight kilometer long line 2 from Friedrichstadt via Marktplatz - Paradeplatz - IG-Farben to the state authority.
From February 1944, line 1 replaced the tram between the train station and Hohenzollernplatz via Marktplatz and Paradeplatz (4.5 km). Although a third route from the market square over the canal bridge to the Kurzen Weg was operational, only a few trolleybuses could be used here due to the lack of wagons. Therefore, the tram, which had been "officially" closed since July 1943, continued to run to the canal bridge.
The capital of the E-Werk- und Straßenbahn-Gesellschaft was last divided between the
- Elektro Licht- und Kraftanlagen AG, Berlin with 75% and the
- Gesellschaft für Elektrizitäts-Anlagen mbH, Berlin with 25%.
When the Red Army approached the city on January 30, 1945, all trolleybus and tram operations were stopped.
Catenary trucks
A curiosity of the Landsberg trolleybus operation was an electric tractor that obtained its power from the trolleybus contact line. This overhead line truck was used to transport coal from the port on the Warta to the electrical works, the gas works and the state authority. For this purpose, a branch line over a kilometer long was created. This freight traffic only existed from 1943 to 1945 (saving fuel due to the war).
Reactivation of the tram
The new Polish city administration gradually put the almost completely closed tram service back into operation, especially since the rail network was largely still in place, on one line in 1947 and on two lines from 1949. The trolleybus vehicles were no longer used and handed over to the city of Poznan; the catenary was again prepared for tram operation.
1955 the municipal transport company Gorzów Wielkopolski (Miejski Zakład Komunikacji w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim) was constituted.
Over time, the previous rail network was expanded to include the following sections:
- from the barracks to Dzierzynskiego (Hohenzollernplatz),
- from Zechower Straße to Elektrownia (state institute) and to Silwana.
Almost all lines were expanded to double tracks and some were relocated to a new route. In addition, the depot at the train station, where a loop was created, was abandoned and rebuilt at the end of the line that had been extended by two kilometers to the west to Wieprzyce.
On the other hand, the branches to the Hopfenbruch and to the Zanziner plants were closed; Finally, the renewal of the route from the market square over the canal bridge to Kobylogorska (short path) did not take place. (According to the Pharus city map from the 1920s, this street was called "Kuburger Straße".)
In 1985 there were five tram lines:
- 1 Wieprzyce - Market Square - Silwana (in the northeast)
- 2 Wieprzyce - Market Square - Osiedle Piaski (in the north)
- 3 Osiedle Piaski - Market Square - Silwana
- 4 Dworzec Glowny (train station) - Market Square - Silwana
- 5 Dworzec Glowny (train station) - Osiedle Piaski
However, lines 4 and 5 did not run at the same time of day. In the 1990s the number of lines was reduced; In 1995 there were only three lines left:
- 1 Wieprzyce - Piaski
- 2 Wieprzyce - Silwana
- 3 Silwana - Piaski
In addition to Polish trams, the former KVG 6ZGTW class railcars of the Kassel tram have been in use since the early 1990s . Taken were Duewag-unit cars in setup and bidirectional versions. However, the vehicles were built under license by the Kassel manufacturers Credé and Wegmann , only doors and bogies were supplied by Duewag. Unlike the vehicles built by Credé, the front of the Wegmann railcars deviates from the Duewag design. Since no bidirectional vehicles are required in Gorzów, the doors of these cars were locked on one side, the driver's seat at the rear end was removed and the fittings there were fitted with lockable flaps. Originally fitted with metal signs boxes to display the line number and the driving destination have now been largely replaced by matrix displays in light-emitting diodes technology .
From the end of 2009 to the end of 2011, the two lines 4 and 5 were again in operation on weekdays with individual non-clocked trips, so the station was back on the tram network. On January 2, 2012, the 4 and 5 were liquidated again as the subsidies were cut. Lines 1, 2 and 3 run every 15 minutes on weekdays and every 20 minutes on weekends. The line overlay on all branches of the route results in a combined cycle with approximately half the interval times.
In 2011 there were 17 Kostal 105N / 105Na, 11 6EGTW, 7 6ZGTW and a historic 4N.
The ticket machines in the trams can only be used with coins ( złoty ). There are no machines at bus stops.
In December 2013, the city council decided to comprehensively renew the network and add two lines. The operator is planning a new transfer station at the train station. At that time, only former people from Kassel drove in Gorzów, as two trams did not operate due to the lack of financial means. The turning loop at the station was not connected to the network at this time.
The Gorzów Wielkopolski tram company has ordered 14 Pesa Twist 3 vehicles from the rail vehicle manufacturer Pesa in Bydgoszcz . The vehicles are to be 24,200 mm long and 2,400 mm wide, with 48 passengers seated and 170 standing room. These are bidirectional vehicles with 6 axles in low-floor construction, the low-floor share is 100%.
Delivery is scheduled for 2018. A maximum speed of 70 km / h is planned. Some vehicles that have been taken over by the Kasseler Verkehrsgesellschaft should continue to be kept in reserve.
Fundamental repairs have been carried out on the track systems since October 1, 2017. The access to the Wieprzyce depot at the end of the line, Aleje 11 Listopada , is no longer passable for trams. That is why the entire operation was switched to replacement buses. The reopening was scheduled for 2018. By then, some of the 14 new railcars ordered should also be available.
At the end of 2017 the Konstal 105N vehicles 89, 92, 98 and 99 as well as the Konstal 105Na vehicles 114, 115, 119, 120, 121, 122, 126, 131 and 133 as well as the no longer completely available Düwag 6EGTW 265 were sold as Scrap sold. In March 2019, the Düwag 6EGTW 251, 262–264 and 266 followed, whereby the vehicles 251 and 266 were no longer complete.
Twelve of the low-floor Pesa vehicles had arrived by early October 2019 . Some of the Credé and Wegmann GT6 were given a new black / neon green paint and are to remain in the inventory, the type 105Na railcars 117 and 134 as historic cars.
The opening date, which was postponed to September 2019, could again not be met, a partial opening of Line 1 from the depot to the station branch appears possible for December 2019.
Recommissioning
On April 17, 2020, despite the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, a public test drive from the Wieprzyce depot to the Wendeschleife Silwana with a new PESA railcar with the city president Jacek Wójcicki, the vice-president Agnieszka Surmacz and representatives of the industry and the press took place. Numerous onlookers followed the event with cameras on the streets. The reopening of public services is planned for the city's birthday on July 2, 2020. During the journey, as the new cars are wider, defects such as traffic signs or hedges in the clearance profile were found.
vehicles
| image | model | Year of commissioning | Low floor | number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Konstal N | 1995 | No | 1 |
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Konstal 105N / Na | 1975 | No | 4th |
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Credé 6EGTW | 1995 | No | 4th |
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Wegmann 6ZGTW | 1999 | No | 7th |
| Pesa twist | 2019 | Yes | 14th | |
| Total number | 31 | |||
| Share of low-floor wagons | 45% | |||
literature
- Werner Stock: Trolleybus systems in Germany. The development of the overhead line omnibus operations in the German Reich, in the Federal Republic of Germany and in the German Democratic Republic since 1930. Busch, Bielefeld 1987, ISBN 3-926882-00-X .
- Józef T. Finster, Robert Piotrowski: 100 lat na szynach: Landsberg 1899 - Gorzów 1999 = 100 years on the rails: Landsberg 1899 - Gorzów 1999 . 2nd improved edition 2007. Landisberch Nova, Gorzów Wlkp., ISBN 83-88135-25-2 .
Web links
- Official website of the MZK Gorzów public transport company
- Private page about the Gorzów Wielkopolski tram on www.preussische-ostbahn.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Holenderskie wagony dla MZK Gorzów Wielkopolski. In: infotram.pl. April 7, 2011, accessed April 18, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ Gorzów wkrótce bez tramwajów
- ^ Gorzów Wielkopolski na dwa lata bez tramwajów. In: infotram.pl. August 25, 2017, Retrieved April 18, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ Gorzow Wielkopolski sprzedaje Konstale. In: infotram.pl. September 25, 2017, Retrieved April 18, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ Stopiątki opuszczają Gorzów Wielkopolsk. In: infotram.pl. December 20, 2017, accessed April 18, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ Gorzow Wielkopolski sprzedaje pięć Helmutów. In: infotram.pl. March 22, 2019, accessed April 18, 2020 (Polish).
- ↑ W Polsce stan epidemii, w Gorzowie impreza for Twistem. In: infotram.pl. April 17, 2020, accessed April 18, 2020 (Polish).
- ^ Miejski Zakład Komunikacji. Tabor. In: mzk-gorzow.com.pl. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (Polish).
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