Constantine (XI.) Laskaris

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Constantine (XI.) Laskaris ( Κωνσταντῖνος Λάσκαρης , * around 1170 ; † March 19, 1205 ) was emperor of the Byzantine Empire for a few months from 1204 to 1205 .

Life

Konstantin Laskaris was a son of the Byzantine nobleman Manuel Laskaris and Johanna Karatzaina. In 1204 he was a key leader in the defenders of Constantinople against the siege by the Crusaders . When Emperor Alexios V left the city after the Crusaders had stormed some towers of the sea wall on April 12, 1204 and established themselves in the harbor district just behind the wall, Konstantin Laskaris became in the night of April 13, 1204, before the final conquest and sack of Constantinople in Hagia Sophia declared Emperor of Byzantium.

Since his attempt to organize the resistance against the conquerors in Constantinople failed, Konstantin Laskaris fled to Nikaia with his brother Theodor I. Laskaris . They gathered some emigrated Byzantine nobles around them and founded the largest of the three Byzantine exile empires, the Nikaia Empire .

Konstantin Laskaris fell on March 19, 1205 in the battle against Baldwin I , the first emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople. His brother Theodor was proclaimed emperor in the same year and was crowned in the spring of 1208 in Nikaia by the new ecumenical patriarch Michael IV Autoreianos.

Since Konstantin Laskaris was not officially crowned, many historians do not recognize him as a Byzantine emperor. Constantine XI. Palaiologos, however, also counts as Constantine XII, especially in older sources.

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literature

  • Jean-Claude Cheynet: Pouvoir et contestations à Byzance (963-1210) (= Publications de la Sorbonne. Series Byzantina Sorbonensia. Vol. 9). Reimpression. Publications de la Sorbonne Center de Recherches d'Histoire et de Civilization Byzantines, Paris 1996, ISBN 2-85944-168-5 , p. 145 No. 206.
  • Ralph-Johannes Lilie : Byzantium - The second Rome . Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-88680-693-6 , p. 469ff.
  • John Julius Norwich , Byzantium: Decline and Fall, 1071–1453. Translated from the English by Claudia Wang, Ulrike u. Manfred Halbe-Bauer (Neumeister-Taroni publishing office, Zurich), Augsburg: Weltbild (Bechtermünz), 2000, ISBN 3-8289-0374-6

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b Encyclopædia Britannica 2001 Standard Edition CD-ROM (USA: Britannica.com Inc., 1994–2000), Constantine XI Lascaris (Byz. Emp.)
  2. ^ Wilhelm Blum:  THEODOR I. LASKARIS, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire of Nikaia-Nymphaion. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 11, Bautz, Herzberg 1996, ISBN 3-88309-064-6 , Sp. 861-863.  ([ http://www.bautz.de/bbkl/t/theodor_laskaris_i.shtml ( Memento from November 23, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Article / beginning of the article in the Internet archive])
  3. ↑ Encyclopedia of the European East (EEO), Byzantium ( Memento of November 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica online: Constantine Lascaris
  5. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica online: Constantine XI Palaeologus
personal data
SURNAME Constantine XI. Laskaris
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Constantinos Laskaris
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Byzantine emperor
DATE OF BIRTH around 1170
DATE OF DEATH March 19, 1205
Place of death Nikaia