Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Dębieńsko
The Dębieńsko Coal Mine (Polish Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Dębieńsko ) is a disused coal mine in Czerwionka-Leszczyny Poland.
history
The beginnings
Coal has been mined in the vicinity of the village of Czerwionka since 1792 and in 1807 the 1.03 km² “Marianne” mine field was awarded. The construction of the “Neues Glück” mine in 1798 is also documented. In addition to these two, there were around twenty-five other pits up until 1853 that extracted coal near the surface. In addition to the pits mentioned, the coal fields "Gute Einigkeit", "Gute Neighborhood", "Harmonie", "Helene Ludwig", "Oswald", "Pax", "Clara", "Elisabeth", "Isabella", " Hildegard ”,“ Philipp ”and“ Laura ” consolidated into the Dubensko mine in 1843 . This gave the mine an area of 20.6 km². However, there was initially no funding on a larger scale.
The Dubenskogrube until 1945
The mine, which has belonged to the United Königs- and Laurahütte since 1897, opened its operations on a large scale two years after it was taken over by its new owner with three underground construction shafts . The central shaft system , which was directly connected to a coking plant , had the three production shafts "Junghann I" (202 m), II (410 m) and III (also 410 m) in 1912. In addition, there was an extending weather shaft and a deep borehole for slurrying in backfill. All three headframes were designed as steel structures and were operated with steam engines. A sorting and washing facility was set up next to the “Junghann II” shaft.
In 1922 the mine was located in the area of Polish territory and was named Dębieńsko; the shafts were renamed Jan I to III. As the owner of the mine, the Königslaura kept its seat in Berlin, but became a stock corporation under Polish law. As a result of the global economic crisis, it got into economic difficulties and in 1936 almost 93% of it came into the hands of the Polish state. Nevertheless, there were several extensions and modernizations. In 1932, the above-mentioned shafts were sunk to 202 meters (Jan I), 410 m (Jan II) and 782 m (Jan III), a second sorting and washing system was built and the first mechanization of coal extraction was introduced.
The time of the Second World War
During the German occupation the mine belonged to the Reichswerke Hermann Göring . Thanks to an enlargement of the shaft diameter at Jan I and a deepening to 340 m, production could initially be increased significantly, but also decreased due to a noticeable shortage of skilled workers from 1941. Part of the funding was used to generate electricity in a newly built power plant.
The time after 1945
After the withdrawal of the German troops in the winter of 1944/45, coal mining under Polish leadership was resumed on February 2, 1945. Initially belonging to the ZPW Rybnik (Rybnickie Zjednoczenie Przemysłu Węglowego), the mine was managed by the ZPW Zabrze from 1976.
By ministerial decree, the Dębieńsko mining area was enlarged to 29.3 km² in 1958 and in 1994 it reached the impressive size of 46.6 km². The mine mined coal on six levels (112 m, 202 m, 310 m, 410 m, 600 m and 690 m), reduced their number to four in the 1990s (202 m, 310 m, 410 m and 690 m) and made "Jan III" the central shaft.
In the course of the political upheavals in Central Europe around 1990, numerous restructurings took place without the fundamental profitability problems being solved. It was therefore decided to liquidate the mine on July 1, 2000, but initially left the daily facilities untouched. Part of the mine field was closed to Knurow , the dewatering was maintained to protect Szczygłowice.
present
Eight years after the colliery was temporarily closed, i. H. In 2008, the Czech company NWR Karbonia was granted a 50-year mining license in the mine field. This was linked initially to the condition until 2017, the first coal to light to lift .
However, the first activity of NWR was to demolish the headframes “Jan I and II” and to renovate some administration buildings. The administration of NWR was also relocated to these renovated buildings.
In March 2016, the company stated on its website that it wanted to mine 3.2 million t of coking coal annually on Dębieńsko at very low extraction costs. and to restart the Morcinek mine on the Polish-Czech border. After the takeover of North Rhine-Westphalia by “Prairie Mining Ltd”, the project continues to be propagated, but remains vague.
Funding figures
1913: 481,416 tons; 1938: 852,800 t; 1970: 1.84 million t; 1979: 2.29 million t
annotation
- ↑ Yearbook Oberbergamt p. 380
- ↑ Yearbook Oberbergamt, p. 381
- ↑ Meier. Königsgrube and Königshütte. P. 125
- ↑ Meier. Königsgrube and Königshütte, p. 126
- ↑ a b Project Dębieńsko ( Memento of the original from March 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Project rozwojowy Morcinek ( Memento of the original from March 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ see http://pdz.com.pl/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Debiensko-Acquisition.pdf (accessed on May 7, 2017)
swell
- Jerzy Jaros. Słownik historynczny kopalń węgla na ziemiach polskich . Katowice 1984.
- Yearbook for the Upper Mining District Wroclaw . Phoenix Publishing House. Katowice, Breslau, Berlin. 1913. Digitized version at http://www.dbc.wroc.pl/dlibra/publication?id=3349&tab=3 before (last accessed on May 5, 2017)
- Kurt Koenig. Coal mining in Upper Silesia from 1945–1955 . Scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of Eastern Central Europe. Published by the Johann Gottfried Herder Institute. Marburg 1958.
- Norbert Meier: Königsgrube and Königshütte . Edited by the author and the Dortmund working group in the Association of Mining Historic Sites Ruhrrevier eVo O., May 2015
Web links
- A detailed description of hard coal mining in the Rybnik district can be found at https://fkzrow.pl/p/historia_gornictwa (accessed on May 5, 2017).
- The history of the mine is presented at https://fkzrow.pl/kopalnie/czerwionka-leszczyny/debiensko (accessed on May 8, 2017).
Coordinates: 50 ° 9 '27.4 " N , 18 ° 40' 1.4" E