Arniberg power plant
| Arniberg power plant | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 693827 Price / 180.56 thousand | |
| country |
 Switzerland
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| place | Gurtnellen municipality across from Amsteg |
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| Waters | Intschialpbach, Leutschachbach, Arnibach | |
| Height upstream | 517 m above sea level M. | |
| power plant | ||
| owner | Elektrizitätswerk Altdorf AG (EWA) | |
| Start of planning | 1907 | |
| Start of operation | 1910 1969 (after renovation) |
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| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 13 megawatts | |
| Average height of fall |
858 m | |
| Expansion flow | 1.8 m³ / s | |
| Standard work capacity | 47.22 million kWh / year | |
| Turbines | 1910: 2 × Pelton turbines 1912: 3 × Pelton turbines 1969: 2 × Pelton turbines |
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| Generators | 1910: 2 × synchronous generator Alioth 1 × synchronous generator BBC 1912: 2 × synchronous generator Alioth 2 × synchronous generator BBC 1969: 2 × synchronous generator |
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| Others | ||
| Website | EWA power plants | |
| was standing | 2018 | |
The power plant Arniberg is a high pressure - hydropower plant in the field of Swiss Municipality Gurtnellen that the Arnisee used as storage week.
The head office of the power plant is located opposite Amsteg and discharges the water into the Reuss . The plant is operated by Elektrizitätswerk Altdorf AG , in which the CKW Group has a stake. The plant was put into operation in 1910 and was a pioneering achievement in European power plant construction due to the extraordinary drop height of 858 m.
history
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Altdorf power station was no longer satisfied with the production of its own Bürglen power station and was looking for a way to build another power station. It was not possible to use the Reuss hydropower, as its water rights had already been granted to the SBB. The engineering office HE Gruner from Basel therefore worked out a project in which the water of the Leitschachbach, the Intschialpbach and some springs on the Arniberg plateau at an altitude of 1370 m is to be collected and processed in a center in the valley at an altitude of 520 m . In the dry winter months, a possible output of 1,400 hp was expected, in the water-rich summer 10,000 to 15,000 hp should be available. The concession was granted in 1907 and the construction costs were estimated at 3 million francs .
During the construction of the project, the purpose of the power plant was changed. The plant should not only supply energy to the Altdorf power station, but also cover the load peaks of the Rathausen power station . To this end, Elektrizitätswerk Rathausen AG , the forerunner of CKW, took a 62% stake in the Altdorf power station and financed the construction of the Arniberg power station. The changes to the project were made based on suggestions from AG Motor from Baden , a predecessor company of what later became Motor-Columbus . The machine house had to be enlarged for the new task so that additional turbines could be installed if required later. The system also had to be designed so that it could work with the different frequencies of the two networks - Altdorf was still working with a frequency of 48 Hz, while Rathausen was working with 42 Hz.
The machine house started operations in August 1910, although the reservoir was not yet completed. For this purpose, the water from the supply line to the reservoir was led with a temporary wooden channel over the arniboil directly to the inlet in the pressure pipe. In the turbine building only as were initially converters usable machine group I with 1,500 horsepower and the engine group set up with 3000 hp II, 1912 was followed by the machine group III. The power plant worked in conjunction with the Rathausen power plant, the Bürglen power plant and, from 1925, also with the Gurtnellen power plant .
In 1918, the Arnibach was also captured and fed directly into the pressure line of the power plant with an 80 kW pumping station near Ober Axeli. In the beginning, this system was only in operation in winter. In 1944 the output of the turbines was increased, from 1967 to 1969 the system was renewed and new machine groups were installed. New turbine regulators were installed in the winters of 2011 and 2012. The annual production in 2012 was around 46 GWh, which corresponds to around a fifth of the electricity generated by the Altdorf power station.
technology
The machine house is supplied with water from the Arnisee with a net volume of 180,000 m³. The lake is supplied with water from the Leitschachbach and the Intschialpbach.
Pressure line
The 2067 m long pressure line from the Arnisee to the machine house consisted of welded tubes with a diameter of 470 to 600 mm, whereby initially only one line was laid on the route intended for two lines. Only at the inlet in the eastern dam of the reservoir, in the valve chamber and at the anchoring blocks, short sections of the second pipeline have already been installed.
The first 430 m of the pressure pipeline run underground, the rest of the pipeline runs above ground except for an 82 m long tunnel at Axli. The pipes were supplied by the still existing company Ferrum from Katowice and were designed for a pressure of 85 bar in the lower part of the line. The raw material for the pipes was sheet metal made of Siemens-Martin steel , which was manufactured by the Upper Silesian Railway Requirement Actien in Friedenshütte, a district of today's Ruda Śląska .
The distribution pipe to the individual machine groups was arranged at the lower end of the pressure line. The branches to the four intended machine groups were designed as fittings. They were manufactured by Von Roll based on drawings by Bell Maschinenfabrik and each contained the shut-off device for the relevant machine group.
Machine house
The headquarters of the Reuss was built for four machine groups, there were, however, only set the two at the beginning: as converters usable machine group I with 1,500 hp and the machine group II with 3000 hp.
Machine group I consisted of a Pelton turbine with an output of 1,300 hp that drove two three-phase generators. The smaller 16-pole generator had an output of 500 kVA and supplied electricity with a frequency of 48 Hz to the Altdorf electricity company, the larger 14-pole generator with an output of 1000 kVA supplied 42 Hz electricity to the Rathausen electricity company. This group of machines could also be operated as a rotating converter , so that it could be used as a network coupling between the two power plants. The turbine came from Bell, the generators from the Alioth electricity company from Münchenstein near Basel .
Machine group II consisted of a Pelton turbine from Bell that drove a three-phase generator from BBC . The turbine had an output of 3000 HP, the generator one of 2600 kVA. The foundations for three further machine groups of this type were prepared in the machine house.
The transformers of the machine groups were arranged in the rear part of the machine house in the basement. The transmission line to Rathausen was operated with a voltage of 42.5 kV, the one to Altdorf with a voltage of 15 kV. The podium with the control room was arranged above the transformers. Removable covers were embedded in the floor, which enabled access to the transformers with the overhead crane in the machine hall.
Cross-section through the Amsteg headquarters
Circuit diagram of the headquarters of the Arniberg power plant. Of the four planned machine groups, only three were set up.
Machine group I (front) and machine group II (rear) in the Amsteg headquarters
Open machine group I, on the left the generator for Rathausen, on the right the one for Altdorf
Open machine group II
Installation of the machine transformer of group II
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The power of the machine house has been increased again and again over the years and around 1920 it was switched to operation with a mains frequency of 50 Hz.
| year | Machine group I | Machine group II | Machine group III | total | source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1910 | 1500 hp | 3000 hp | 4500 hp | ||
| 1912 | 1500 hp | 3000 hp | 3000 hp | 7500 hp | |
| 1944 | 1500 hp | 3600 hp | 4100 hp | 9200 hp | |
| 1969 | 6.5 MW | 6.5 MW | 13 MW (17,700 hp) |
At the end of the 1960s, the system was completely overhauled and the machine groups replaced. Two 6.5 MW groups with a horizontal axis were installed, each consisting of a single-jet Pelton turbine and a generator.
Leitschach small power station
In 2009 the small power plant in Leitschach was put into operation. It uses the water from the Leitschach socket to drive a through-flow turbine before it is fed to the Arni lake via the Torli collection shaft. The fall height is 23 m, the output is 180 kW, the annual production 550 MWh.
Situation map
See also
literature
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The Arniberg power station near Amsteg . In: Schweizerische Bauzeitung . tape 60 , 1912.
- Part 1 . Geology, supply line, Arnisee. Issue 14, October 5, 1912, p. 183-189 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-30060 .
- Part 2 . Pressure line, funicular railway. Issue 15, October 12, 1912, p. 195–199 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-30064 .
- Part 3 . Headquarters, machine groups. Issue 16, October 19, 1912, p. 207-213 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-30068 .
- Part 4 . Generators, transformers. Issue 17, October 26, 1912, p. 221–224 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-30073 .
- Part 5 . Switchgear. Issue 18, November 2, 1912, pp. 243-244 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-30079 .
- Addendum regarding the acceptance test results . Issue 19, November 9, 1912, pp. 258 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-30081 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Federal Office for Energy SFOE (Ed.): Statistics of the hydropower plants in Switzerland . January 1, 2020 ( admin.ch [accessed on May 2, 2020] attachment number 301000).
- ↑ In Switzerland, all power plants that cannot store at least a quarter of winter production are run-of-river power plants. Source: Statistics of hydropower plants
- ↑ a b c d EWA is subjecting pioneer power plant to a makeover . In: Zek Hydro . Volume 10, December 2012, p. 37-39 ( docplayer.org ).
- ↑ a b Arniwerk . In: Illustrated Swiss craft newspaper . tape 25 , no. 50 , 1909, pp. 781-782 ( e-periodica.ch ).
- ↑ a b Schweizerische Bauzeitung part 1
- ^ Electricity works Altdorf AG: history. Retrieved December 8, 2018 .
- ↑ a b Statistics hydropower plants in Switzerland . January 1, 1947, p. 66-67 .
- ↑ a b c Schweizerische Bauzeitung, part 2
- ^ Cours d'eau et energy . tape 13 . Swiss Water Management Association, 1921, ISSN 0043-096X , OCLC 2536193 , p. 159 (French, limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Hannes Gysling: Comprehensive fitness program for EWA substation . In: Schneider Live . 2012, p. 30 .
- ↑ Werner Jauch: KW Leitschach on the sun terrace of Arni . In: The small power plant . No. 74 , 2010, pp. 48-52 ( pim.com [PDF]).