Munchenstein

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Munchenstein
Munchenstein coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of Basel-CountryCanton of Basel-Country Basel-Country (BL)
District : Arlesheim
BFS no. : 2769i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 4142
UN / LOCODE : CH MUS
Coordinates : 613 683  /  262 208 coordinates: 47 ° 30 '38 "  N , 7 ° 37' 13"  O ; CH1903:  613,683  /  262,208
Height : 295  m above sea level M.
Height range : 254–607 m above sea level M.
Area : 7.19  km²
Residents: i12,099 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 1683 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.muenchenstein.ch
The Brüglinger level with the Villa Merian

The Brüglinger level with the Villa Merian
Location of the municipality
Deutschland Deutschland Frankreich Kanton Aargau Kanton Basel-Stadt Kanton Solothurn Kanton Solothurn Bezirk Laufen Bezirk Liestal Aesch BL Allschwil Arlesheim Biel-Benken Binningen Birsfelden Bottmingen Ettingen Münchenstein Muttenz Oberwil BL Pfeffingen BL Reinach BL Schönenbuch TherwilMap of Münchenstein
About this picture
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Münchenstein is a municipality in the Arlesheim district in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland .

In the municipality bordering on the city of Basel there are, among other things, the campus of the University of Applied Sciences for Art and Design Basel, the Schaulager designed by Herzog & de Meuron , which serves as an art museum and art research institute at the same time, as well as the Villa Merian and its English garden .

geography

The community is located at an altitude of 297  m above sea level. M. and extends on both sides of the Birs . It is mainly divided into three districts: Münchenstein Dorf, Neumünchenstein and Neuewelt / Brüglingen . In the north it comes directly to the city canton of Basel . Other neighboring communities are Muttenz , Arlesheim and Reinach . The area of ​​the municipality is 718 hectares, of which 56% is settlement area, 24% forest, 17% agricultural area and 2% unproductive area.

history

First documentary mention

Münchenstein Castle around 1780.

When it was first mentioned in a document in 1196, Münchenstein was still called Kekingen . In 1270, the name Geckingen appeared in a deed of donation from Basel Cathedral Monastery. In 1259, the hamlet with mill, between the New World and St. Jakob, was mentioned in a document as the property of the Basel cathedral provost. The current place name Münchenstein appears for the first time in 1295. It means: "Burgfels der Münche". The qualifying expression Münch refers to the builders of the castle named after them, the episcopal ministry people from the sex of Münch . The basic word stone used to be a common name for castles that stood on rocks.

middle Ages

Münchenstein Castle and ruins
Historic aerial photo by Werner Friedli from 1967

The Münchenstein Castle was placed under the feudal power of the Counts of Pfirt shortly after it was built. With the death of the last Count von Pfirt, Ulrich III., In March 1324 in Basel, feudal power fell to the House of Habsburg-Austria by inheritance. Hereditary Countess Johanna von Pfirt (Jeanne de Ferrette) (1300–1351) was Duchess of Austria by marrying Duke Albrecht II of Habsburg (1298–1358). Thereafter, the Münch von Münchenstein had their fiefdoms confirmed in documents at irregular intervals.

In 1334, the name change was explicitly mentioned in a document issued by the cathedral monastery in Basel: "Geckingen que nunc Munchenstein appellatur" ("Geckingen, which is now called Munchenstein"). The Basel earthquake in 1356 also affected Münchenstein. On the afternoon of October 18, 1356, an earthquake shook the city of Basel. The villages and castles in the area were badly damaged. The epicenter of the quake was about 10 km south of the city on the edge of the Jura Heights between the Gempen and the rear Leimental. The palace in Münchenstein, which was completed in 1334, was also damaged during the great earthquake in Basel , but was rebuilt soon afterwards. In 1421 the umlaut "ö" was used and the village Mönchenstein was written. This name lasted until 1881. With the municipal law of 1881 , the place name Münchenstein was officially introduced.

In 1470 the Münch had to pledge the village and the castle to the city of Basel. The pledge agreement was concluded on July 18, and thus the rule over Münchenstein went into municipal hands for the first time on loan. The parish church of St. Bartholomew was built at the end of the 14th century or at the beginning of the 15th century in place of a previous building from the 11th or 12th century. In 1612 the church tower was built and in 1857 the nave was extended.

Modern times

In the course of the Helvetic Revolution of 1797 and 1798, the castle was demolished.

With the inauguration of the Jura Railway Basel-Delémont on September 23, 1875, the history of the railway in Münchenstein began. On Sunday, June 14th, 1891 the railway bridge of the Jura Railway, built by Gustave Eiffel , collapsed under a train coming from Basel. The railway accident in Münchenstein is still considered to be the biggest railway disaster in Switzerland. 73 people were killed and 171 injured. At that time, Münchenstein had 135 houses, 264 households and 1,360 inhabitants. In 1980, Münchenstein became the site of the second Swiss exhibition for horticulture and landscaping, the " Green 80 " on the Brüglingen plain . In 1997, the "Kuspo Bruckfeld" was, the new Ku ltur- and Spo rthalle ready created and put into operation. Münchenstein thus has a multi-purpose building with infrastructure for various occasions.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the community shows a black clad monk with a drooping hood. The monk is bareheaded, wears red shoes and strides with hands raised in prayer on a silver background. The coat of arms corresponds to the seal of the episcopal family Münch.

population

Münchenstein has about 12,000 inhabitants, the proportion of foreigners is around 20%. As of March 31, 2008, 31.2% of the population are Reformed , 28.9% Roman Catholic and 39.9% members of other denominations or non-denominationalists. Around 8% of the population are citizens of Münchenstein. The Bürgergemeinde Münchenstein is made up of the entirety of the citizens of Münchenstein and is a public corporation of the Canton of Basel-Landschaft.

politics

In the 2019 Swiss parliamentary elections, the share of the vote in Münchenstein was: SP 30.5%, SVP 19.1%, Greens 17.3%, FDP 14.3%, CVP 7.2%, glp 6.6%, EPP 3, 6%, BDP 1.5%.

education

There are various municipal, cantonal, supraregional and private educational institutions in the municipality:

Municipal educational institutions

The community operates kindergartens at the eight locations Ameisenhölzli, Dillacker, Ehinger, Fichtenwald, Lange Heid ,akenöffelmatt, Neue Welt and Teichweg. She is also responsible for the primary schools at the five locations in Dillacker, Lange Heid, Löffelmatt, Loog and Neue Welt. The Münchenstein Music School, which is located in the old Neue Welt schoolhouse, is also subsidized.

Cantonal educational institutions

The secondary school Arlesheim-Münchenstein has one of its two locations in the Lärchen schoolhouse. Münchenstein is also one of five municipalities in the canton of Basel-Landschaft with a grammar school . For children with multiple disabilities, the canton in Münchenstein operates the special school therapy school center Münchenstein. The Health Education Center is operated by the Canton of Basel-Stadt.

Supraregional educational institutions

In the Basel part of the Dreispitz area , the FHNW operates its campus of the University of Design and Art

Private educational institutions

As private educational institutions, partly subsidized by the state, there is a curative education school , a Rudolf Steiner school and, as a department of the adult education center in Basel, the adult education Gymnasium Münchenstein

traffic

Public transport

Münchenstein is very well developed by public transport. The community has a train station on the Jurabahn and is served every half hour by the S-Bahn line 3 , which runs between Basel and Pruntrut .

BLT line 10, which connects Münchenstein with Arlesheim in the south and Basel in the north

The BLT - Tram 10 is nearly 26 km in length is the longest tram Basel is one of the Europe's longest. In addition, it leads, which is a rarity internationally, through two states and also through three cantons of Switzerland: Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft and Solothurn . The railway connects the places in Leimental ( Rodersdorf , Leymen ( Alsace , France), Flüh , Bättwil , Witterswil , Ettingen , Therwil , Oberwil , Bottmingen and Binningen ) with the city of Basel and the Birseck , Münchenstein, Arlesheim and Dornach .

The BLT tram line 11 runs from Aesch via Reinach , Neu-Münchenstein and the Basel SBB train station to the St. Louis border.

The following three bus lines currently complement local public transport in Münchenstein:

- Line 58: The Münchenstein local bus connects the various quarters on the route Schlossmatt - Münchenstein train station - Gartenstadt - Klinik Birshof

- Line 60: The east-west connection touches Münchenstein in the north on the Biel-Benken - Bottmingen - Oberwil - Münchenstein - Muttenz - Schweizerhalle route

- Line 63: The south-north connection connects the lower Birseckal with Muttenz: Dornach - Arlesheim - Münchenstein - Muttenz

Street

Via the Muttenz / Münchenstein exit on the H18, the village is also connected to the Swiss expressway network ( A2 ). This high-performance road currently ends at Aesch, in the Angenstein area , and is to continue towards Duggingen at a later date.

Museums and exhibition rooms

  • The Brüglingen Mill Museum

  • The electricity museum

  • The carriage museum

  • The Schaulager from Herzog & de Meuron

  • Schaulager : The Schaulager (built in 2003) is a mixture of museum, art warehouse and research institute built by the architects Herzog & de Meuron .
  • Former Carriage museum: The carriage museum was housed in the historical building in the Brüglinger Ebene, the barn from 1905/1906, until January 31, 2017.
  • Brüglingen Mill Museum : In the former water mill of the Brüglingerhof you will find the exhibition, redesigned in 2002, about the history of the mill and the crafts and daily work of the millers from the Bronze Age to the 20th century.
  • Electricity museum : On the occasion of its 100th anniversary in 1997, Elektra Birseck Münchenstein set up an electricity museum on the grounds of its factory premises, which offers historical rarities, a technology laboratory and special exhibitions.
  • Frog Museum : Switzerland's first frog museum was opened in Münchenstein in 1992, the collection of which has already been entered in the Guinness Book of Records .
  • Laboratory for Photography: In 2001/2002 the Fondation Herzog - A Laboratory for Photography was founded and presented to the public with the opening exhibition: The Herzog Collection - In a new light . The Herzog Foundation is located in premises designed by Herzog & de Meuron in the Dreispitz area of ​​the municipality of Münchenstein. It is one of the most important photo collections in the world and can thus bring interested people closer to the history of photography and industrial society using around 300,000 images in the Herzog Collection.
  • St. Jakobshalle : Prominent sporting events take place in the St. Jakobshalle.

Attractions

  • The trot in the village center

  • The hammer mill, New World

  • The Bruckgut

  • The Villa Ehinger, Münchenstein High School

  • The pond and fountain at Grün 80

  • The Villa Merian

  • The Heiligholzbrücke over the Birs

  • The water house housing estate

  • The Birs in Münchenstein

The Dreispitz quarter

The Dreispitz area owned by the Christoph Merian Foundation is a traditional industrial zone of Münchenstein and Basel , which has had its day in the course of globalization and modern urban development. A successive change of use with a participation process with the population, the authorities of both cantons of Basel and the project planning community of Münchenstein has been successfully completed by the owner for an initial structure plan for the “Kunstfreilager” quarter in Münchenstein. The term Kunstfreilager refers to the historical origin of the site as a duty-free warehouse , as well as to the future uses in the field of art in the immediate vicinity of the Schaulager . The Kunstfreilager covers about 10% of the area of ​​the entire Dreispitz. A university for art and design in Northwestern Switzerland, as well as apartments for high demands can now be built, and corresponding commercial and service companies should move in.

Personalities

Sons and daughters

Active or resident in Münchenstein

literature

  • Hans-Rudolf Heyer: The art monuments of the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Volume I: The Arlesheim district, with cantonal introduction. (= Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 57). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1969.
  • Münchenstein local history . Verlag des Kantons Basel-Landschaft, Liestal 1995, ISBN 978-3-85673-522-7 .

Web links

Commons : Münchenstein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Railway disaster in Münchenstein 1891 on altbasel.ch
  3. ↑ Information on the community of Münchenstein
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office : NR - Results parties (municipalities) (INT1). In: Federal Elections 2019 | opendata.swiss. August 8, 2019, accessed August 1, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Official Swiss Course Guide ; accessed on July 19, 2018.
  6. ^ History of Basler Chemie by Martin Herzog ( Memento of the original dated December 23, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.brainworker.ch
  7. ↑ Stefan Hess: Haas. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . August 9, 2006 , accessed June 5, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Company history on the homepage, Van Baerle AG ( Memento of the original from December 25, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vanbaerle.ch