Hans Bernoulli

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Hans Bernoulli

Hans Benno Bernoulli (born February 17, 1876 in Basel ; † September 12, 1959 there ) was a Swiss architect , town planner and university teacher ; he lived and worked in Germany from 1897 until he was appointed to ETH Zurich in 1912 .

Life

Bernoulli was the son of the office clerk Theodor Bernoulli . Elisabeth Bernoulli , who later became a women's rights activist and was involved in the fight against alcoholism, was his sister. Bernoulli left the humanistic grammar school in Basel without a degree . In the same year he began a commercial apprenticeship, which he did not finish either.

At the age of 18 he began an apprenticeship as a draftsman with the architects Alfred Romang and Wilhelm Bernoulli . Bernoulli successfully completed this apprenticeship and attended the Technical University of Munich between 1897 and 1898 ; Friendship with his Basel colleague Hans Hindermann . In Munich, Bernoulli became a student of Friedrich von Thiersch . In the following year Thiersch took him on as an employee in his private architecture studio.

Funded and supported by Thiersch, Bernoulli attended the Technical University of Karlsruhe in 1900 . After completing his studies, Bernoulli volunteered for various architects in Darmstadt and Berlin from 1901 to 1902 . In 1902 he settled in Berlin as a freelance architect for ten years.

In addition to his freelance work, he was also a lecturer at the Technical University (Berlin-) Charlottenburg and at the teaching institute of the Berlin Museum of Applied Arts . During this time, Bernoulli made several study trips to Austria , Italy and Denmark . In 1904 Bernoulli married Anna Ziegler, a daughter of pastor Heinrich Ziegler, in Berlin.

In 1912, the Basler Baugesellschaft appointed him its chief architect and thus also a member of the board. In the following year, Bernoulli was entrusted with a teaching position for urban planning at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETHZ); six years later he advanced to professor . In 1938 a scandal broke out when Bernoulli published his political satirical poems. As a free economist and supporter of Silvio Gesell , he had expressed himself very critically about the state's financial policy. He was dismissed without notice and his title of professor was revoked because these views made him “intolerable” for ETHZ. One of his students at the ETH was Albert Bodmer , who later also brought him to Winterthur , where he carried out several construction projects in the city for the Heimstättengenossenschaft.

On his 71st birthday, the University of Basel honored him with an honorary doctorate . From 1947 to 1951 he was a member of the National Council (representative of Basel-Stadt ) for the Landesring der Independentigen (LdU ).

After the Second World War, he helped rebuild the destroyed cities. Together with Silvio Gesell , Bernoulli founded the Swiss Free Trade Association . As a politician, he represented socially liberal views and was very involved in social housing with garden city estates (e.g. the Bernoulli houses on Hardturmstrasse in Zurich) or the introduction of prefabricated building elements in the late 1940s. Hans Bernoulli work long with Louis Léon Weber together .

He fought speculation all his life and campaigned - albeit in vain - for the communalization of the soil (quote: “Land of the city, home ownership by private individuals” ).

In Warsaw he was able to take an active part in town building experiments and reconstruction. He also worked in an advisory capacity in Hungary and Austria . The Zurich houses were to be sold at cost price in order to be affordable for "Büezer" (workers). One can see Bernoulli with his urban planning views as a successor to Friedrich Ostendorf . Bernoulli also founded the magazine for a natural economic order .

Hans Bernoulli died on September 12, 1959 in Basel at the age of 83. The architect Rudolf Christ (1895–1975) wrote the obituary.

buildings

Settlements
Water house housing development
  • 1919: “Bernoullihäuser” in Grenchen , Rebgasse 61–67
  • 1920–1923: Cooperative housing estate "Im Lange Loh" in Basel, Im Langen Loh
  • 1920–1921: Cooperative housing estate in the Neue Welt quarter of Münchenstein
  • 1924–1929: "Bernoullihäuser" in Zurich , Hardturmstrasse (in two construction stages: 1924–1926 and 1928–1929)
  • 1924–1934: “Hirzbrunnenareal” residential development in Basel
  • 1925: “Siedlung im Vogelsang” in Basel
  • 1944–1948: “Im Landauer” cooperative housing estate in Basel
Functional buildings
Hotel Baltic
Other works

Fonts

architecture

  • The reconstruction of Sent. In: Heimatschutz = Patrimoine , Vol. 17, 1922, pp. 2-10 ( digitized version ).
  • From an architect's sketchbook. Wepf, Basel 1943.
  • The organic renewal of our cities. Wepf, Basel 1942.
  • The city and its soil. Verlag für Architektur, Erlenbach 1943.
  • Journal for Natural Business Management.
  • About the growth and change of our city. In: Basler Jahrbuch 1955 , pp. 7–23.

Economic policy

  • The gold fraud and other economic comedies . Cooperative publishing house Freiwirtschaftlicher Schriften , Bern 1927.
  • In the maze of money . Pestalozzi-Haus publishing house, Bern 1935.

Poetry

  • The rabbit and other bloody jokes about our management. Poems. Pestalozzi-Haus publishing house, Bern 1939.
  • The state servant and other rhymes about the needs of our time. Poems. Berlin 1940.

Other

Honors

In 1965 , Bernoullistraße was named after him in Vienna's 22nd district.

The Bernoulligymnasium, which is located on Bernoullistraße, was named after this.

literature

  • Sylvia Claus, Lukas Zurfluh (ed.): Urban planning as political culture . The architect and theorist Hans Bernoulli, gta Verlag, Zurich 2018, ISBN 978-3-85676-353-4 .
  • Karl and Maya Nägelin-Gschwind (eds.): Hans Bernoulli. Architect and town planner . With a preface by Mario Botta, Birkhäuser, Basel 1993, ISBN 3-7643-2829-0 .
  • Werner Schmid: Hans Bernoulli. Urban planners, politicians, global citizens. Meili, Schaffhausen 1974, ISBN 3-85805-044-X .
  • archithesis. Journal and series of publications for architecture and art (6/81). Verlag Arthur Niggli AG, Zurich 1981.
  • Dr. HC Hans Bernoulli on his seventy-fifth birthday on February 17, 1951, dedicated by his friends , Bern 1951.
  • Werner Schmid: Prof. Dr. hc Hans Bernoulli (1876-1959). In: Basler Stadtbuch 1961 , pp. 254–262.
  • Architecture and art: Hans Bernoulli's sketchbooks In : E-Periodica , 1942

Web links

Commons : Hans Bernoulli  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bernoulli Hans, National Councilor . parlament.ch, accessed on February 20, 2016 .
  2. ^ Rudolf Christ: Obituary. Retrieved October 21, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Schweizerische Bauzeitung of August 24, 1912, p. 105 f. (and unpaginated art boards)
  4. ^ Wiener Straßenlexikon , website of the municipality of Vienna, accessed on February 17, 2016
  5. ↑ Mag. Franz Anreiter (Director) [own minutes of the interview]
personal data
SURNAME Bernoulli, Hans
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bernoulli, Hans Benno (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss architect and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH February 17, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Basel
DATE OF DEATH September 12, 1959
Place of death Basel