Eichholz power plant
| Eichholz power plant | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 43 '46 " N , 8 ° 12' 37" E | |
| country |
 Germany
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| place | Brenden | |
| Waters | Upper basin: Schwarza basin Lower basin: none, drain into the Schwarza |
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| power plant | ||
| owner | Schluchseewerk AG | |
| operator | Schluchseewerk | |
| Start of operation | 1931 | |
| Shutdown | 1950 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | Generator operation: 35 megawatts | |
| Average height of fall |
130 m | |
| Expansion flow | Generator operation: 28 m³ / s | |
| Turbines | 2 Francis turbines | |
| Others | ||
The Eichholz power plant was a storage power plant in the Black Valley near Brenden in the southern Black Forest. It was created immediately with the construction of the power station houses and enabled additional energy to be generated from the energy volume of the Schluchsee long before the entire power station group of the Schluchsee works was completed.
History and construction
With the construction of the upper barrage of the Schluchsee plant group, consisting of the dam wall at the Schluchsee, the 6.2 km long Schluchsee-Schwarzastollen, the Schwarzabecken and the Hütten power plant, the first pumped storage power plant of the power plant cascade was realized by 1931 . Since the construction of the intermediate level in Witznau and the lower level in Waldshut would take years to complete , the water masses that naturally flow into the Schluchsee and later the Alb basin can only be used to a limited extent for energy purposes and would have to drain away unused. In order to use this energy potential, the 9255 m long Schwarza-Witznaustollen, starting at the Schieberhaus near the dam of the Schwarza Basin, was excavated for 2.9 km. After this tunnel length with a total gradient of only 30 m, a temporary valve house was built and two pressure pipelines were built to the Eichholz power plant 100 m lower in the valley floor of the Schwarzatal . This made it possible to usefully work off excess water.
Power plant
The power plant consisted of the first 2.9 km of the Schwarza-Witznaustollen. This tunnel has already been expanded to a diameter of 4.1 m for later use and was thus oversized for the Eichholz power plant. After the tunnel, there was a two-strand riveted pressure pipeline that led from a valve house to the power plant 100 m below. A throttle valve was built into each pipe string , which could be opened by hand and closed automatically by falling weights. The pipe with a wall thickness of 15 mm had a diameter of 1.75 m at the transition to the tunnel, which tapered to 1.6 m at the power plant. Each pipe run led to a horizontal machine set consisting of a Francis turbine , synchronous generator and exciter . The engine output was designed in such a way that the Schwarza could discharge the turbine water flowing away without damage. Each machine set had an output of 17.5 MVA with a turbine absorption capacity of 14 cubic meters per second. The electrical part was made by Brown, Boveri & Cie. manufactured in the Baden factory in Switzerland . The hydraulic system part was supplied by the Swedish company Nydqvist och Holm . Each machine had its own machine transformer with which the 10.5 kV generator voltage was transformed to 110 kV and fed into the European network via a high-voltage line . There was a 16 kV overhead line from the Häuser power plant to the Eichholz power plant for the company's own energy requirements, which was already remotely controlled from the control room at the Häuser plant.
End of operation and dismantling
Due to the war, the Witznau intermediate level with the Schwarza-Witznaustollen was completed in 1943 to such an extent that a machine set could be put into operation in Witznau. In 1950, all four machine sets were installed and ready for operation in Witznau, so that the Eichholz power plant was taken out of operation. The final dismantling took place at the end of the 1950s. The two machine sets and the pressure pipes were completely dismantled, while the operating buildings were preserved. Today these serve as a building yard for the Schluchsee works group. The former valve house with the transition from the tunnel to the pressure pipelines is still present today above the current building yard and serves as access to the Schwarza-Witznaustollen.
See also
literature
- Schluchseewerk (Ed.): Schluchseewerk , Schillinger, 1952.
- Schweizerische Bauzeitung , volume 105/106, year 1935, pp. 61–66, digitized .
Web links
- The power plant houses , side of the Schluchseewerke