Finkenheerd power plant
The Finkenheerd power station , later also the Finkenheerd thermal power station, was a heat-controlled brown coal power station built by the Märkische Elektrizitätswerke . It was located on Brieskower See near the German-Polish border in the Brieskow-Finkenheerd district , about ten kilometers south of Frankfurt (Oder) , and was in operation from 1923 to 1992.
history
Establishment
In 1916, MEW (Märkische Elektrizitätswerke), which was founded by AEG in 1909 , decided to build a large power plant at a favorable location in the rural region around the city of Frankfurt (Oder) in order to build up and expand the national supply of electrical energy east of Berlin . In 1923 the construction of a power plant according to plans by Georg Klingenberg began under the direction of Georg Warrelmann (CEO of MEW) on Lake Brieskower. Coaling was to be carried out by direct charging from the Finkenheerd lignite mine, which had been in operation since 1907 . According to calculations made at the time, the mine should last about 170 years. The power plant was planned as a model system and should be completed and put into operation in several construction phases. The arrangement of the boiler houses across the axis of the machine house offered the possibility of expanding the system later. The inflation in 1922 seriously endangered the construction project and so troubled MEW that it briefly considered selling the machines that had just been purchased. In 1923, the first construction phase was completed and two machines with a capacity of 12.5 MW were put into operation. The energy obtained was voltageed up and transferred to Frankfurt (Oder) via a 50 kV line, where it relieved the FEW (Frankfurter Elektrizitätswerke) systems. In the following years further expansion stages were realized. The output was increased to 120 MW in 1928, to 170 MW in 1932 and to 270 MW in 1942 after the installation of two more turbo sets. More coal mines, the Katja opencast mine , and the Helene opencast mine in 1943 were opened as early as 1932 .
time of the nationalsocialism
Forced laborers were employed in the Finkenheerd power station during the National Socialist era . In the "List of companies in Nazism from the forced labor have benefited" a warehouse with 536 Manpower is mentioned in the period 1939-1945. During the Second World War , the plant was spared major destruction, but was severely damaged when the Red Army crossed the Oder and had to cease operations on February 6, 1945. On April 16, it was occupied by the Red Army. The switching station in the Katjagrube, which supplied the fuel for the power plant at this time, was completely burned out after artillery fire. As a result, the pits Katja and Helene drank. The coal seams were burning in the places that the water had spared.
Recommissioning
After the end of the war, the Katja pit was made makeshift and was able to go into operation on June 7, 1945 with a capacity of 400 tons per day. This was the basis for machine 1 to start up again almost a week later after extensive repair work in the Finkenheerd power plant and on the affected lines. However, the electricity generated was primarily used to carry out the dismantling work in the power plant itself. This was intended for complete dismantling as part of the reparation payments to be made. However, due to the urgency of supplying the area with electrical energy, the scope could be limited to machines 5–8. Machine 4, which was already half dismantled, was also able to go back online.
After the nationalization of the energy supply, after several restructuring, it was transferred to the "VEB Energieversorgung Frankfurt (Oder)", which also included the Finow power plant and later to the " VEB Energiekombinat Frankfurt (Oder)". The gaps in the dismantling losses could soon be closed again. Machines from the Stralsund power station were probably used for this. The old machine sets 1–4 continued to operate. Machine 1 suffered an imbalance damage during this time and had to be abandoned. With the end of coal mining in the local area, long-distance coaling had to be switched over from 1956. The branch line to the plant was extended and a loading bridge was built. In 1961 3 new machine sets with 32 MW each were installed and went online on December 30th of that year. To ensure a secure coal supply, a storage area for raw lignite with appropriate loading and unloading technology was set up in 1971/72 east of the transfer tracks of the Deutsche Reichsbahn. In 1972 the power plant was upgraded to generate district heating and a district heating pipeline was built to the city of Frankfurt (Oder) about ten kilometers away. It now supplied 22,000 households, mainly in the new development areas, with district heating. Another thawing hall was built in 1979. Thus, a total of three 125 m long defrosting halls were available for winter operation to defrost the frozen coal trains.
Among other things, the consumer goods production of the popular BR50 loudspeaker box was located in the power plant . There was a training workshop for locksmiths, machinists and electricians on the site, as well as the “Hans Weber” vocational school. An apprentice dormitory was located at the coal storage area in Finkenheerd.
Shutdown
After the political change, the power plant was transferred to the newly founded " Oder Spree Energieversorgung " (OSE). It quickly became clear that continued operation of the now technically outdated power plant was not justifiable under the new conditions from an economic and environmental protection point of view. On September 8, 1992, the Finkenheerd power plant was shut down after 71 years of operation. Some of the operating facilities on the power plant site, such as the training workshop, a cable training center, a repair workshop for high-voltage switches , and the transformer station with switchgear panel remained in operation for the time being. The control panel was also operated from the control room in the machine house. The plant stood almost unchanged until 1996. For the heat supply for the city of Frankfurt (Oder), which was no longer available due to the shutdown, a replacement plant based on natural gas was built next to the boiler houses and the pipeline along the main road was continued. In 1996, demolition work began. The last two chimneys were made in 1998 in a bet on the television show Wetten dass ..? blown up. The area of the former power station was completely cleared. A house right next to it, presumably belonging to the ensemble, has been left to decay. Today there is still a substation on the site.
Web links
- Stadtarchiv Frankfurt (Oder) (homepage of the city archive, without information on KW Finkenheerd)
- Contaminated site or memorial (PDF; 758 kB) (Text on KW Vogelsang, KW Finkenheerd only mentioned in passing, but other facts listed in the article)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cornelia Fredrich: Renaturation of the area of the former thermal power station and the ash dump in Brieskow - Finkenheerd - investigation of the groundwater quality at selected gauges from 1992-2002 . May 8, 2003 ( uni-leipzig.de [accessed August 3, 2020]).
- ^ State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials Brandenburg: Brandenburg Geoscientific Contributions . Ed .: State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials Brandenburg. tape 2/2012 . Land survey and geographic base information Brandenburg, Potsdam, February 2012, p. 122 .
- ^ Geocaching: Geocaching - The Official Global GPS Cache Hunt Site. Retrieved October 7, 2019 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 54.3 " N , 14 ° 34 ′ 43.5" E