Samina power plant
| Samina hydroelectric power station | |||
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| location | |||
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| Coordinates | 758 265 / 222020 | ||
| country | Liechtenstein | ||
| Waters | Saminabach | ||
| Data | |||
| Type | pumped storage power plant | ||
| Primary energy | Hydropower | ||
| power | 15 MW | ||
| owner | Liechtenstein country | ||
| operator | Liechtenstein power plants (trucks) | ||
| Project start | 1947 | ||
| Start of operations | 1949/2015 | ||
| Shutdown | 2014-2015 | ||
| turbine | Pelton | ||
| Website | Liechtenstein power plants | ||
The Samina power plant is a pumped storage power plant and one of several hydropower plants operated by the Liechtenstein power plants based in Schaan in Liechtenstein . The power plant (machine house) itself is located in Vaduz .
The Samina power plant uses the difference in altitude from the Samina valley to the Vaduz storage facility (cavern storage facility) at around 835 meters.
History and use
The Liechtenstein population approved the construction of the Samina power plant on June 15, 1947 in a referendum with 84.8% yes votes. A collecting basin with max. 61,800 m 3 built; From there, pressure lines were led over a drop of 785 m to the machine house in Vaduz, in which two machine sets with 3200 kW each were installed in the first expansion stage . The construction costs were estimated at CHF 7.6 million, but about 2 million more were needed. The construction of the Samina power plant was also the reason for the creation of the Liechtenstein power plants . On December 1, 1949, the power plant with a generator was put into operation; the previous import of electrical energy from Feldkirch ( Vorarlberg , Austria ) could be stopped.
In 1951 a pumping system (2 × 120 HP, max. 170 l / s) was built in Steg to make better use of the available energy. In 1950 the second generator set and on May 3, 1955 the third machine set of the Samina power plant was put into operation (3200 kW each, total output now 9600 kW). The Samina power plant was originally designed to provide the Principality of Liechtenstein with complete self-sufficiency and was able to meet this requirement until around the mid-1960s. Most recently (before the renovation) the Samina power plant was only able to cover around 12% of the country's now strongly increased electricity demand.
In the course of material investigations of the pressure pipeline to Vaduz it was determined in 2003/2004 that there is a considerable need for renovation in the medium term. This was the decisive factor in considering alternative variants. The old power plant was decommissioned on February 3, 2014 and the previous machine house was demolished.
The Samina power plant was converted from a storage power plant into a pumped storage power plant between 2011 and 2015 (order volume : around CHF 52 million). Work on the Samina pumped storage power plant (PSK) began in October 2011 (including around 35,000 hours of tunnel work).
The underground storage caverns in Vaduz for the processed water were excavated using blasting (around 50,000 m³ of rock - limestone , calcite - Vaduzer flysch ). The access tunnel has a gradient of 15% and is about 90 m long. The four main tunnels of the cavern, each 122 m in length, are connected by two cross tunnels.
By converting to a pumped storage power plant, the annual energy output will be better adapted to the energy demand in Liechtenstein and at the same time the efficiency of the power plant will be increased. The pumped storage power plant, which has been in operation since 2015, was built to relieve the normal operation of the other power plants and, in particular, the power plants that generate energy from renewable energies. In addition to generating peak and balancing energy , the Samina power plant also serves as a storage facility for pumps . The Saminakraftwerk is the most powerful power plant in Liechtenstein .
Water rights
The Lawena power plant was commissioned as early as 1927. According to § 3 of the law on the Liechtenstein power plants, the public law institution (AöR) founded in 1947 was equipped with the contribution in kind (assets and liabilities) "of the Lawena state plant, as well as water rights to the Lawena, Samina, Malbun and Valorschbach ", whereby According to § 5 Paragraph 1 " the exclusive right to evaluate the water power of the Saminabach and its tributaries (Malbunbach and Valorschbach) from the source to the state border " lies with the trucks.
Technical specifications
Despite the renovation, the Samina power plant will not be able to even come close to meeting the electrical energy demand in Liechtenstein. Even the increase in efficiency will not lead to a significant increase in energy production to date.
Construction began on October 26, 2011. Commissioning of the new pumped storage power plant in January 2015, the official inauguration on October 26/27. June 2015.
Steg reservoir
- Congestion destination: 1295 m above sea level (as before)
- Volume: 130,000 m 3 (as before)
Hydraulic data
- Expansion flow turbine operation: 2000 l / s
- Pump operation: 1000 l / s
- Gross head: 835.30 m
- Steg slope line: 1558 m
- Steg pressure tunnel - Masescha: 1964 m
- Diameter: 900 mm (cast pipes)
- Masescha - Vaduz pipeline: 2046 m
- Diameter: 900 mm (steel)
- Turbines: 2 twin-nozzle Pelton turbines
- Turbine axis altitude: 459.7 m. ü. M.
Electrical power
- Turbine operation: 2 × 7500 kW
- Pump operation backing: 2 × 400 kW
- Pump operation main pumps: 2 × 5000 kW
- Generator manufacturer: ELIN
Vaduz underwater storage facility (cavern storage facility)
The underwater storage tank is not an open basin, as is usual with pumped storage power plants, but an underground cavern, which could be realized here due to the special geological conditions:
- Construction time: 14 months
- Start of construction: autumn 2011
- Length: approx. 750 m
- Eruption of rock material (fixed volume): approx. 60,000 m 3
- Shotcrete: approx. 4500 m 3
- Rock anchor: 2600
- Storage volume: 40,000 m 3
- Water level max .: 455.15 m. ü. M.
- Water overflow: 456.71 m. ü. M.
- Discharge: Giessen - inland canal - Rhine max 1000 l / s
Technical data old power plant
In operation from 1949 to 2014. Source of the information: Liechtensteinische Kraftwerke
- Installed power (1955) 3 × 3200 kW
- Year of construction 1949 + 1950 + 1955
- Generator voltage: 10,000 V
- Generator manufacturer: BBC
- Speed: 1000 / min
- Turbine: Pelton
- Turbine manufacturer: Escher Wyss AG
- Height of socket / collecting shaft: 1295.5 m. ü. M.
- Height of moated castle: 1270 m. ü. M.
- Height of power plant: 457 m. ü. M.
- Gross gradient: 835 m
- Length of slope pipe / tunnel: 1558 + 1964 m
- Diameter of slope pipe: 1000/1200/1800 mm
- Storage energy content: 200,000 kWh
- Storage volume: 130,000 m 3
- Length of pressure line: 2011 m
- Pressure pipe diameter: 700/650/600 mm
- Maximum flow rate: 1500 l / s
- Catchment area: 12.9 km 2 (Valünatal) and 9.8 km 2 ( Malbuntal )
- Utilization / year: 4880 hours
- average Annual production: 47.6 GWh
- Annual production in 2000: 55.4 GWh
criticism
The pumped storage power plant is, since at least a residual amount of water has to remain in the Samina after the renovation, ecological progress in this regard. With regard to the import of cheap electrical energy for pumped storage from abroad (lignite power plants, nuclear power plants), however, the Samina power plant is a "sham" according to the environmental organization LGU and does not provide any sustainably generated energy.
Web links
- Homepage of the Liechtenstein power plants .
- Oliver Stahl: Saminawerk. In: Historical Lexicon of the Principality of Liechtenstein .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Conversion and expansion of the Samina power plant 2011 - 2015 Liechtensteinische Kraftwerke, Schaan 2015, pp. 1–17, accessed on March 19, 2016. The generator voltage was 10,000 V and the machines ran at 1000 / min (see: vol.at ).
- ↑ Conversion and expansion of the Samina power plant 2011-2015 , Liechtensteinische Kraftwerke, Schaan 2015, pp. 17-27, accessed on March 19, 2016
- ↑ Data on electricity production and consumption 1960 to 1977 Office for Economics of the Principality of Liechtenstein: Energy Statistics 2004 (PDF), p. 9, accessed on March 19, 2016.
- ↑ Conversion and expansion of the Samina power plant 2011 - 2015 Liechtensteinische Kraftwerke, Schaan 2015, p. 32, accessed on March 19, 2016.
- ↑ Conversion and expansion of the Samina power plant 2011 - 2015 Liechtensteinische Kraftwerke, Schaan 2015, p. 30, accessed on March 19, 2016.
- ↑ a b Liechtenstein Fatherland: Last hour for the old Samina power plant. January 31, 2014, accessed July 20, 2015 .
- ↑ Law of June 16, 1947 regarding the "Liechtenstein Power Plants", LGBl 1947/30.
- ↑ Energy Strategy 2020 , p. 70.
- ↑ a b Profile (from June 2011) of the old Saminakraftwerk ( memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Publication of the Liechtenstein power plants (LKW) , accessed on March 19, 2016.
- ↑ Conversion and expansion of the Samina power plant 2011 - 2015 Liechtensteinische Kraftwerke, Schaan 2015, p. 43, accessed on March 19, 2016.
- ↑ Ductile iron pipes according to EN 545 with restrained BLS push-in socket connection
- ↑ See Andrea Matt in Is electricity from hydropower always green electricity? ( Memento of the original from August 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Press release 2011, online) and survival in a dry stream .
