Malbun (Liechtenstein)
Malbun is a settlement in the Principality of Liechtenstein . It is about 1600 m above sea level. M. and belongs with the places Steg , Masescha, Silum and Gaflei to the municipality of Triesenberg . Malbun is an exclave of the municipality of Triesenberg ( Turna and Sareis with the town of Malbun ).
Surname
The name Malbun comes from the Romansh of “alp bun” ( beautiful, productive alp ) or “val bun” ( beautiful, productive valley ).
geography
location
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The village of Malbun is around 1600 m above sea level. M. (valley floor). Malbun (Malbuntal) is a high valley to which the Alps Turna (municipal alp of Triesenberg) and Pradamee (cooperative alp of Vaduz ) belong. It is a side valley to the Samina valley , at the confluence with the Samina valley lies the village of Steg ( 1,300 m above sea level ).
Geomorphology and topography
«The Malbuntal is a small, north-west - south-east facing trough valley that was formed by a local glacier. It is surrounded by an almost circular rocky mountain range. Steep rubble slopes mediate between the rocks and the gentler slopes of the ground moraine, which forms the valley floor. Individual slate horizons emerge between the debris and the moraine base (Partnach slate ), which form the main source horizon of the valley. The entire width of the lower valley is taken up by the two stream debris cones 'Schlucher' and 'Fluhtola', which in turn have been cut and shaped by the Malbunbach. "
The landscape structure that exists today is a result of centuries of agricultural use as a pre-alpine pasture , which was abandoned from Christmas time until spring.
Waters
The Malbuntal is traversed by the Malbunbach, which, due to its small catchment area, only carries small amounts of water and also has strong seasonal fluctuations.
history
The Walsers who immigrated from the end of the 13th century were probably the first to settle permanently in the Triesenberg area and used the area for agriculture. It was owned by the Counts of Montfort - Werdenberg and was partially given to the citizens of Schaan / Vaduz to inherit. The Walsers who moved in received further rights of use, later also as fiefdoms (documented from 1355). From the 17th and 18th centuries, ownership was also transferred. In 1562 the first Alpine Regulations were created, which are said to have been in force until 1867.
The first written testimony from Walsers on the Triesenberg can be found in a document from 1355, in which they are awarded a part of the Malbun Alpe, as they "previously had". Accordingly, they must have settled and taken Alps as fief before this date .
In 1867, a small tunnel was built to bypass the steep mule track over the Kulm and the mule path was expanded into a narrow, passable road, through which Malbun was also more accessible.
20th century
In 1908 the “Sareiserjoch” spa house was built in Malbun and the Samina valley was opened up for tourism from Malbun.
Around 1925, Malbun still consisted of a scattered settlement with around 50 Maiensäss huts . In the 1930s, the tentative beginnings of winter sports can be recognized by skiers and ski tourers. In 1931/32 the Kurhaus was open for the first time in winter. A post bus drove down into the valley for the first time in 1932, and a diesel unit for the lighting of the Kurhaus was purchased in 1933 (only replaced on July 28, 1951, connection to the public energy network).
The Malbun Tourist Office was founded in 1934 (today: “Triesenberg Malbun Steg Tourismus”). In 1945 a small hydroelectric power station was built on the Malbunbach as a cooperative and provided several houses in Malbun with electrical energy for the first time. 1947–1949 the Samina power plant with the Steg reservoir was built and the existing road from Triesenberg to Steg was shortened by the Gnalp – Steg tunnel . On January 21, 1951, an avalanche went off in the rear of the Malbuntal and destroyed a number of huts.
Between 1951 and 1953 there was a regulation of property, as real estate distribution resulted in heavily fragmented land and property shares. The road from Steg and Malbun has been kept open all year round since 1959, which promoted tourism. In 1962 the “Galina” hotel was built and a drag lift was built on the Hochegg (in operation in January 1963) and the Malbun-Bahn AG put the chairlift up to the Sareiserjoch into operation. In 1966 the “Tälilift” of the Skilift AG and the “Snowluchtlift” of the Malbun-Bahn AG followed. In 1971 two new hotels were opened, the “Silberhorn” and the “Gorfion” hotel.
In the winter of 1985, Prince Charles and Princess Diana were skiing in Malbun. Due to heavy snowfall, the rear Malbuntal had to be evacuated at the beginning of February 1999 due to the high risk of avalanches. After avalanches that destroyed ten holiday homes, the entire Malbuntal was evacuated after further rainfall.
The original competitors Skilift AG and Malbun-Bahn AG merged for economic reasons to form "Bergbahnen Malbun AG" and in 2003 a future-oriented concept for winter tourism was created and, subsequently, until 2007, considerable investments (around CHF 26 million) in lift systems, guaranteed snow and Infrastructure made. Since then, Malbun has been expanded into a skiing and hiking area, which today includes numerous holiday homes, hotels and restaurants.
Culture and sights
"Peace Chapel"
The Friedenskapelle is located in the northern part of the skiing and hiking area of Malbun and is the highest church in Liechtenstein. The chapel was built in 1950/1951 on the initiative of the Triesenberg pastor Engelbert Bucher. The bell comes from the broken old parish church of Triesenberg.
The name Friedenskapelle was given to the chapel as a token of gratitude for the sparing of Liechtenstein from the atrocities of the Second World War.
The Swiss painter, artist and architect Johannes Hugentobler (1897–1955) painted the Friedenskapelle in 1950/51.
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
Due to the secluded location for centuries and the lack of transport links, no trade or industry has developed in Malbun. The area was essentially only used by agriculture and forestry , although this use can be traced back to the 14th century. Tourist use has only been another source of income for around 100 years.
energy
With the Schlosswald power plant, the drinking water collected in Malbun is used to generate energy for the municipality of Vaduz. There is also a snowlucht drinking water power plant (2011) owned by the Liechtenstein power plants .
Infrastructure
The place has a gondola station and a circular route.
Sport and tourism
Tourism began commercially in 1907/1908 when the Sareiserjoch spa and tourist station ( 1650 m above sea level ) was opened (today: "Alpenhotel Malbun").
summer
The Augstenberg is 2359 m above sea level. M. high mountain above the Malbun settlement, near the border with Austria and a popular hiking destination , as well as the Galinakopf ( 2198 m above sea level ), a good five and a half kilometers as the crow flies , and the Schönberg ( 2104 m above sea level ), which can be reached in two hours . ).
The Nenzinger Himmel can be reached on foot via the Sareiserjoch (1991 m).
The Pfälzerhütte can be reached from Malbun with a walking time of about two hours and from the Malbun-Sareis mountain station via the Fürstin-Gina-Weg (walking time two hours). The Schesaplanahütte can be reached from Malbun via the Pfälzerhütte and Grosse Furgga in six walking hours.
Malbun was also a destination for mountain stages of the Tour de Suisse (2004, 2007 and 2011), as well as the destination of the Liechtenstein Alpine Marathon .
winter
In winter Malbun is the most important winter sports destination in Liechtenstein. In Malbun there are three chairlifts , a drag lift , two button lifts and a magic carpet with a total of 23 kilometers of slopes.
literature
- Objects, habitats and landscapes worthy of protection within the community of Triesenberg: Malbun and Steg of the Liechtenstein Office for Forests, Nature and Landscape (online publication).
- Municipality of Triesenberg (Ed.): Triesenberg. Masescha-Gaflei-Silum-Steg-Sücka-Malbun. The Walser community in the Principality of Liechtenstein. Printing house, Vaduz 1978.
Web links
- Alois Ospelt: Malbun. In: Historical Lexicon of the Principality of Liechtenstein .
- Peter Albertin in: The Maiensäss Steg settlement.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter Albertin: The Maiensäss settlement Steg. P. 11.
- ^ Office for forest, nature and landscape: habitats and landscapes within the community of Triesenberg: Malbun and Steg. P. 25.
- ^ Office for forest, nature and landscape: habitats and landscapes within the community of Triesenberg: Malbun and Steg. P. 25 ff.
- ^ Office for forest, nature and landscape: habitats and landscapes within the community of Triesenberg: Malbun and Steg. P. 26.
- ^ Office for forest, nature and landscape: habitats and landscapes within the community of Triesenberg: Malbun and Steg. P. 27.
- ↑ Peter Albertin: The Maiensäss settlement Steg. P. 11. / Office for Forests, Nature and Landscape: habitats and landscapes within the Triesenberg settlement: Malbun and Steg. P. 29.
- ↑ Peter Albertin: The Maiensäss settlement Steg. P. 11.
- ↑ 100 years of the Alpenhotel - Malbun's first address is celebrating. ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. P. 14 ff.
- ↑ 100 years of the Alpenhotel - Malbun's first address is celebrating. ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. P. 19.
- ↑ 100 years of the Alpenhotel - Malbun's first address is celebrating. ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. P. 23.
- ^ Office for forest, nature and landscape: habitats and landscapes within the community of Triesenberg: Malbun and Steg. P. 27.
- ↑ Peter Albertin: The Maiensäss settlement Steg. P. 11.
- ↑ In 2008 the Liechtenstein painter and draftsman Josef “Sepp” Schädler (1930–2012) had an exhibition in the Hotel Gorfion .
- ↑ Of which 13 million from the State of Liechtenstein, around 7 million from private investors and 6 million from the municipalities.
- ↑ Until the establishment of its own parish in 1768, Triesenberg was assigned to the parishes of Triesen and Schaan . See also Cornelia Herrmann: The Art Monuments of the Principality of Liechtenstein. 2007, pp. 173-177.
- ↑ Cornelia Herrmann: The art monuments of the Principality of Liechtenstein. 2007, pp. 190-192.
- ^ Office for forest, nature and landscape: habitats and landscapes within the community of Triesenberg: Malbun and Steg. P. 25 ff.
- ↑ Peter Albertin: The Maiensäss settlement Steg. P. 11/100 years of the Alpenhotel - Malbun's first address is celebrating. ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 47 ° 6 ' N , 9 ° 37' E ; CH1903: seven hundred and sixty-four thousand eight hundred thirty-six / 218835