Croatians in Slovakia

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Ethnic map of Greater Hungary showing the Croatian settlements around Bratislava

The Croatians in Slovakia ( Croat . Hrvati u Slovačkoj) are an ethnic minority that has lived in Slovakia since the 16th century . They are part of the Burgenland Croatians in the broader sense and speak Burgenland Croatian dialects. According to their own information, there are still around 3,000 Croatians in Slovakia; in the 2001 census, 890 people committed themselves to this ethnic group. They live in five villages near the capital Bratislava , in contrast to the Marchfeld Croats west of the March , which in fact have not existed since the 19th century.

Settlement area and language

Today Croatians live in five villages, all of which are in or near the capital Bratislava : Devínska Nová Ves (Croatian: Devinsko Novo Selo) on the northwestern edge and three villages south of the Danube: Čunovo (Čunovo), Jarovce (Hrvatski Jandrof) and Rusovce (Rosvar). These four municipalities have been districts of Bratislava since 1972. Chorvátsky Grob / Hrvatski Grob is located 15 km northeast of Bratislava.

The dialects spoken in Slovakia all belong to Burgenland-Croatian. South of the Danube they speak the Haci dialect, which also occurs in Northern Burgenland and Hungary, in Devínska Nová Ves their own čakavic dialect and in Chorvátsky Grob a Kajkawic dialect.

history

The Croatian population of Slovakia settled in the course of the 16th century. It is closely related to the Croatian minorities in Burgenland and South Moravia . It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that the Croatians in Slovakia were separated from their Croatian population in the newly formed Burgenland by the new borders with Hungary and Austria . In the interwar period, only Devínska Nová Ves and Chorvátsky Grob were on Slovak territory, and in 1947 the villages south of the Danube followed. The Croatians in these three villages have long preserved and preserved their cultural heritage.

A large number of Croats also settled around the Slovak city of Trnava in the course of the 16th century. Here the assimilation process started faster due to the Slovak environment and the linguistic similarity . Until the 20th century, the population of Croatian descent remained mainly in the villages of Chorvátsky Grob ( Croat . Hrvatski Grob) and Šenkvice . Under the policies of Czechoslovakia and later the Czechoslovakia , the use of the Croatian language in cultural associations and church services was not permitted. The Croatian minority in the villages of Chorvatsky Grob and Šenkvice have close ties to the Croatian town of Hrvatska Kostajnica, from which their ancestors emigrated more than 400 years ago.

See also

Bratislavský kraj , Moravian Croats , Burgenland Croats , Marchfeld Croats

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from June 6, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ec.europa.eu
  2. ↑ http://wwwg.uni-klu.ac.at/eeo/Burgenlandkroatisch.pdf

literature

  • J. Húsek, Croatian Colonies in Moravia and Slovakia , in: Prager Presse , 1926, No. 299
  • Alfred Bohmann , Population and Nationalities in Czechoslovakia , 1975
  • Wilhelm-Stempin, Nikolaus: The settlement area of ​​the Burgenland Croats: in Austria, Hungary, Moravia and Slovakia. Norderstedt: BoD 2008
  • Wilhelm-Stempin, Nikolaus: Croatian dialects in Slovakia, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-00-032646-2

Web links