Short nose chimeras

Short nose chimeras
Hydrolagus colliei
Systematics
Superclass : Jaw mouths (Gnathostomata) Class : Cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes) Subclass : Holocephali Superordinate : Holocephalimorpha Order : Sea cats (Chimaeriformes) Family : Short nose chimeras
Scientific name
Chimaeridae
Bonaparte , 1831

The short-nosed chimeras (Chimaeridae) are a family in the order of the sea ​​cats (Chimaeriformes) within the cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes).

features

The fish are 40 to 150 centimeters long. In contrast to the two other families of the sea ​​cats (Chimaeriformes), their snout is short and rounded or conical. The lateral line organ has open pores and extends to the head as well.

The approximately 44 species belong to the two genera Chimaera and Hydrolagus . In Hydrolagus the anal and diphycerke caudal fin have grown together to form a fin edge, while in Chimaera they are separate. In both genera, the first dorsal fin is high and is protected by a spike in front, the second dorsal fin is low and elongated in a fringe. The sting is connected to a poison gland. A sting leads to painful wounds in humans.

The egg capsules of the short nose chimeras are spindle-shaped, relatively small, typically 17 × 2.5 cm in size. They have a dorsal keel.

distribution

Short-nosed chimeras live in temperate and tropical areas in the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian Oceans , mostly at depths below 200 meters. The only species in European waters is the sea ​​cat ( Chimaera monstrosa ).

Genera and species

Sea cat ( Chimaera monstrosa )

Hydrolagus affinis

Hydrolagus mirabilis

Hydrolagus pallidus

• Chimaera Linnaeus, 1758 - for the generic name cf. Chimera and sea ​​cat
  • Chimaera argiloba Last, White & Pogonoski, 2008
  • Chimaera bahamaensis Kemper, Ebert, Didier & Compagno, 2010
  • Chimaera buccanigella Clerkin et al., 2017
  • Chimaera carophila Kemper et al., 2014
  • Chimaera cubana Howell Rivero, 1936
  • Chimaera didierae Clerkin et al., 2017
  • Chimaera fulva Didier, Last & White, 2008
  • Chimaera jordani Tanaka, 1905
  • Chimaera lignaria Didier, 2002
  • Chimaera macrospina Didier, Last & White, 2008
  • Sea cat ( Chimaera monstrosa ) Linnaeus, 1758
  • Chimaera nocka You & Rasmi, 2009
  • Chimaera obscura Didier, Last & White, 2008
  • Chimaera opalescens Luchetti, Iglésias & Sellos, 2011
  • Chimaera orientalis Angulo et al., 2014
  • Chimaera owstoni Tanaka, 1905
  • Chimaera panthera Didier, 1998
  • Chimaera phantasma Jordan & Schneider, 1900
  • Chimaera willwatchi Clerkin et al., 2017
• Hydrolagus Gill, 1862
  • Atlantic chimera ( Hydrolagus affinis (Brito Capello, 1868))
  • African chimera ( Hydrolagus africanus (Gilchrist, 1922))
  • Albert's sea rat ( Hydrolagus alberti Bigelow & Schroeder, 1951)
  • Hydrolagus alphus Quaranta, Didier, Long & Ebert, 2006
  • Hydrolagus barbouri (Garman, 1908)
  • Hydrolagus bemisi Didier, 2002
  • Spotted sea rat ( Hydrolagus colliei (Lay & Bennett, 1839))
  • Dean's sea rat ( Hydrolagus deani Smith & Radcliffe in Smith, 1912)
  • Hydrolagus eidolon (Jordan & Hubbs, 1925)
  • Hydrolagus erithacus Walovich, Ebert & Kemper, 2017
  • Hydrolagus homonycteris Didier, 2008
  • Ghost rat rat ( Hydrolagus lemures Whitley, 1939)
  • Hydrolagus lusitanicus Moura, Figueiredo, Bordalo-Machado, Almeida & Gordo, 2005
  • Hydrolagus macrophthalmus de Buen, 1959
  • Hydrolagus marmoratus Didier, 2008
  • Hydrolagus matallanasi Soto & Vooren, 2004
  • Hydrolagus mccoskeri Barnett, Didier, Long & Ebert, 2006
  • Hydrolagus melanophasma Barnett, Didier, Long & Ebert, 2009
  • Hydrolagus mirabilis (Collett, 1904)
  • Hydrolagus mitsukurii (Jordan & Schneider, 1904)
  • New Zealand sea cat , Hydrolagus novaezealandiae (Fowler, 1911)
  • Hydrolagus ogilbyi (Waite, 1898)
  • Hydrolagus pallidus Hardy & Stehmann, 1990
  • Purple sea rat ( Hydrolagus purpurescens (Gilbert, 1905))
  • Hydrolagus trolli Didier & Séret, 2002
  • Hydrolagus waitei Fowler, 1907

Tribal history

The family has been proven in fossil records since the early Cretaceous (genus Belgorodon ). The genus Chimaera is known fossil from the Upper Cretaceous and the Eocene of the Antarctic .

literature

• Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
• Kurt Fiedler: Textbook of Special Zoology, Volume II, Part 2: Fish . Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6

Web links

Commons : Short Nose Chimera  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Short nose chimeras on Fishbase.org (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Eighty-first amendment to the announcement on trade names for fishery and aquaculture products from July 8, 2016 ( BAnz AT 07/21/2016 B5 )