László Ferenczy

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László Ferenczy (born March 9, 1898 in Felsővisó , Austria-Hungary ; died May 31, 1946 in Budapest ) was a Hungarian police officer with the rank of lieutenant colonel and a Holocaust perpetrator during World War II .

Life

László Ferenczy was a soldier in the First World War, joined the Hungarian gendarmerie in 1920 and was stationed in Debrecen . After the Hungarian recovery of large parts of Slovakia in the First Vienna Arbitration Award , he was employed as a police officer in Košice from November 1940 to July 1942 .

After the German occupation of Hungary in March 1944, Ferenczy became a liaison to the Eichmann Command set up by the SD in Budapest . The deportation of the Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz , negotiated by Edmund Veesenmayer and Adolf Eichmann with the Hungarian Interior Minister Andor Jaross , was directed by Jaross' State Secretaries László Endre and László Baky and carried out operationally by the gendarmerie. Meanwhile, Eichmann's small staff (150 people) supported the ghettoization of the Jews by the Hungarian gendarmerie and took over the transport trains at the intermediate stop in Košice . From his command post in Munkács and his office on Semmelweis Street in Budapest, Ferenczy directed the ghettoization and deportation in the north and east of Hungary from May 15 to June 7, 1944, as he recorded in his two-day reports of 289,357 Jews with 92 railroad trains. According to a report by the Ambassador Edmund Veesenmayer, a total of over 437,000 Jews were deported from Hungary and its dominions during this time. Ferenczy wrote in his reports that the Jews in Auschwitz were subjected to a "selection" .

The deportations were stopped by the Géza Lakatos government installed in July 1944 , Jaross and his state secretaries Endre and Baky were dismissed from office on August 7, and Ferenczy changed his tactics. He was now negotiating with the Budapest Jewish Council about simplifications and the issue of passports, trying to gain a reputation for the post-war period.

When the Lakatos government and the imperial administrator Miklós Horthy began secret armistice negotiations with the Allies in August 1944 , a coup d'etat was launched on October 15, 1944 by the German ambassador Veesenmayer . Ferenczy was appointed “General Plenipotentiary for the Jewish Question” by the puppet government that was now in place under the leadership of the Arrow Cross Ferenc Szálasi . The deportations were supposed to start again, but this was stopped by the Germans in view of the course of the war. Ferenczy ordered some of Budapest's Jews to march west to be used as slave labor in the earthworks of the south-east wall .

In 1945 Ferenczy fled to the German Reich with members of the Arrow Cross government . He was arrested there by the Americans and extradited by them to Hungary because the Three Powers had agreed in the Moscow Declaration of November 1, 1943 that all war criminals , except the main war criminals, should be brought to justice in the countries in which they were committed their crimes .

Ferenczy was charged with crimes against humanity before a Hungarian tribunal , sentenced to death and hanged .

literature

  • Randolph L. Braham : The politics of genocide. The Holocaust in Hungary , 2 vols., Columbia University Press, New York 1981

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e László Ferenczy , at Yad Vashem
  2. ↑ Randolph L. Braham: The politics of genocide , New York 1981, p. 717
  3. ↑ Randolph L. Braham: The politics of genocide , New York 1981, p. 770
  4. ↑ Randolph L. Braham: The politics of genocide , New York 1981, p. 458, p. 469, p. 770 f.
  5. ↑ Section Ferenczy “to the Rescue” , in: Randolph L. Braham: The politics of genocide , New York 1981, pp. 787–791, also: pp. 411 f.
  6. ↑ Randolph L. Braham: The politics of genocide , New York 1981, p. 469
  7. ↑ Randolph L. Braham: The politics of genocide , New York 1981, p. 823
personal data
SURNAME Ferenczy, László
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ferenczy László (Hungarian name sequence)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian police chief
DATE OF BIRTH March 9, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Vişeu de Sus
DATE OF DEATH May 31, 1946
Place of death Budapest