Spoon carvers

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Spoon carvers at work

The spoon carver , Löffelmacher or short Löffler made spoons , mostly from fresh stem wood of beech or maple , as seasoned wood is hard to.

Working method

Spoon carvers mainly worked in winter, they learned the craft within the family. In the families, it was mainly men who carved the spoons and women and children polished them. One family produced up to 50 copies in a twelve-hour working day. The logs were cut to the required length of the spoons with a tree saw, and the blanks were split off on the chopping block according to the grain. Using a template, the carver transferred the shape of the spoon to the blank, and he made the templates himself from thin boards. The hollow of the spoon was created with the help of the kippding, the further shape was carved with a knife.

At work the craftsman sat on a stool in front of the wood block, the block was a little higher than his knees. With a buckled chest leather he clamped the workpiece between his chest and wood block, and protected his knees from injuries with a knee rag made from scraps of fabric. After the spoon had got its rough shape, a scraper was used to remove the carving marks.

Work equipment

The equipment and tools required were a tree saw, carving iron, round iron, a head carver, a handle carver, a metal work stick with feet that can be moved on planks, a tilting thing, a chopping block with a vise attached to it, a tensioning saw and a three-legged, round stool.

Case studies

Sauerland

Wooden spoon on a wooden plate

The production of simple wooden goods was widespread in the wooded low mountain ranges such as the Sauerland . It was mostly operated by the rural population as a sideline . In this region there was a local focus of this trade, for example in Freienohl and in some villages in the area of Medebach and the Kahler Asten . The products were mainly sold in the immediate vicinity, but some of them were also exported by the Sauerland traveling traders . In the 19th century, the industry came under pressure from competition for industrially manufactured products. Only in a few particularly remote areas was it partially able to hold its own into the 20th century.

Berchtesgaden

In Berchtesgadischen, the spoon carvers were originally considered to be half a craft , as it brought very little income and was only practiced in winter. That is why the spoon carvers were exempt from certain taxes and duties. Later the spoon carvers were reorganized into the carving guild.

family name

The profession lives on in family names such as Löffler , Spoonman and Spoon Maker . The name Kashoggi is also derived from the Turkish word for spoon maker .

literature

See also

  • Wood mechanic : dual apprenticeship, the u. A. emerged from the spoon carver

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Spoon Carvers. In: heinz-bensberg.de. Retrieved February 24, 2018 .
  2. ↑ a b Crafts - Berchtesgaden craftsmanship. In: berchtesgadener-handwerkskunst.de. Retrieved February 24, 2018 .
  3. ↑ a b Old Professions. In: provinz.bz.it. Retrieved February 24, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b Das BESONDERE - Verlag Dresden Johannstadt. In: verlag-das-lösungen.de Retrieved February 24, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Wood and its uses. In: kulturundheimatverein-sulz.de. Retrieved February 24, 2018 .
  6. ^ Hinrich Siuts : Rural and handicraft tools in Westphalia. Aschendorff, Münster 1982, ISBN 3-402-04126-X , page 245.
  7. ^ Hinrich Siuts : Rural and handicraft tools in Westphalia. Aschendorff, Münster 1982, ISBN 3-402-04126-X , pages 245 and 246.
  8. ^ Hinrich Siuts : Rural and handicraft tools in Westphalia. Aschendorff, Münster 1982, ISBN 3-402-04126-X , page 244.
  9. ^ Wilfried Reininghaus, Georg Korte: Commerce and trade in the districts of Arnsberg, Meschede, Brilon, Soest and Lippstadt (1800-1914). In: In: Karl-Peter Ellerbrock / Tanja Bessler-Worbs (eds.): Economy and society in south-eastern Westphalia. Dortmund, 2001 p. 139
  10. ^ Jens Hahnwald: Day laborers, workers and labor movement in the Cologne Sauerland of the 19th and 20th centuries. In: Harm Klueting (ed.): The former Electoral Cologne Duchy of Westphalia in the area of ​​today's districts of Hochsauerland, Olpe, Soest and Märkischer Kreis (19th and 20th centuries). Teilbd. 1, Münster 2012 p. 543
  11. ↑ a b c Loffler name meaning, origin and distribution. In: forebears.io. Retrieved February 24, 2018 .
  12. ↑ IN SHORT - NONFICTION - NYTimes.com. In: nytimes.com. Retrieved February 24, 2018 .
  13. ↑ limited preview in the Google book search
  14. ↑ limited preview in the Google book search